Robert Nozicks work entitled How Liberty Upsets Patterns Essay

Robert Nozicks work entitled How Liberty Upsets Patterns - Essay Example Nozick begins his argument by poising that people who have contrary beliefs regarding distributive justice, particularly those who abide by notions of patterned distributive justice such as utilitarianism and egalitarianism, should not refute his distribution theory of justice, especially with regard to holdings. Nozick’s theory takes a non-patterned consideration into the element of justice in holdings. According to Nozick, the repeated application of justice in holdings typically results in entitlement of holdings. Nozick bases his argument squarely on the concept of non-patterned principle of distributive justice, which attempts to elucidate the fact that patterned conceptions regarding justice in distribution are typically unable to work well with notions of liberty. Nozick uses the now famous argument of Wilt Chamberlain to demonstrate the manner in which patterned principles that deal with just distribution are essentially irreconcilable with all notions of liberty. Nozi ck poises that Rawl’s difference principle fails to provide a real description of the society today. (Sandel 2007, 359). The society runs on distribution patterns, which are defined by the desires of people who in it. Various distribution patterns are entirely just because they are based on the desires of the society. However, Nozick argues that, while an alternative distribution pattern in society does not typically conform to the favored patterns of people within the society, the alternative distribution pattern is still just. According to Nozick, the Wilt Chamberlain example essentially demonstrates that no standard patterned tenet of distributive justice can be well-suited with liberty. This is primarily because, in order to conserve the patterns provided for by patterned distribution where the society’s desires dictate distribution patterns, the state will need to interfere with the capacity of people to exchange freely their instinctual distributive justice on a constant basis. This is primarily because, as Nozick argues, all exchanges of distributive justice in patterned principles essentially require the constant violation of the patterns for which they were originally formulated. Nozick concludes that end-state, as well as a vast majority of patterned distributive justice principles provide for unfair ownership of people, their labor and actions. As a consequence, such principles provide for the shift from the notions of self ownership to those of limited property rights in the actions and beings of other people (Sandel 2007, 358). In essence, this means that, under patterned distributive justice systems, the example of Wilt Chamberlain shows that third parties will have a just claim on other people (Chamberlain) provided that the third parties transfer something valuable to the individual in question. Under patterned distributive patterns, third parties have legitimate shares in the individual since their shares cannot be changed. From the reading, several misunderstandings become clear; the greatest source of concern is the Wilt Chamberl

Genetically modified organism Essay Example for Free

Genetically modified organism Essay You are what you eat, and eating genetically modified food can harm your body. We are now living in an era where we tend to change everything to make it â€Å"better†, but eating genetically mutated food is not always the best option for everyone. Injecting hormones to the food that you eat everyday is bad for you because it affects 3 main aspects; health, environmental and economic. First of all I’ll start by informing you what genetically modified food really is. Genetically modified foods are those that come from an animal or vegetable origin that its genetic and chemical composition has been manipulated to increase its nutritional power or by making them more resistant to plagues. â€Å"GM foods are the ones that have been artificially changed by scientists in a laboratory. † The first GM for humans to eat was created on May 18, 1994, when the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) of The United States authorized the commercialization of the first food with a strange gene, the modified food, created by a Californian company had the characteristic of having a retarded cycle of blossom. With this new technique of genetically modified food, scientists have achieved food to have certain characteristics. For example: plagues, herbicides and high temperature resistant, change in color and seedless food. â€Å"The first GM for humans to eat was created on May 18, 1994†, when the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) of The United States authorized the commercialization of the first food with a strange gene, the modified food, created by a Californian company had the characteristic of having a retarded cycle of blossom. At the moment, the most common mutated foods are vegetables and fruits, and the most consumed by the people. Some examples of these can be: corn, tomatoes, potatoes, lemons, lettuce and more. Some reasons of why scientists think that mutated food is good for you may be Like almost everything, GM has its advantages and disadvantages, but in this case the side that is supposed to be the advantages, are really not that accurate or efficient like they say they are. This food that is modified at a genetic level, are better and have a greater quality that any other food of this type, but, at the same time by trying to make them resistant to plagues, the poison that has been implanted in his genes to kill the plagues, so the plants are going to have poison running inside them, poison that if it kills insects, it may affect our health in some way. This poison, related with the natural selection that does every species more and more strong. So, if an insect does not resist the poison that has certain plant anymore, this insect was evolving up to such a point of becoming immune to this poison. And if to the plant poison gets more, the insect every time will return mas and mas resistant to this one; and as immediate consequence of this, it might cause the total destruction of the plants that do not have this type of poison in his interior, stopping unprotected totally to the normal plants, of any assault of these new super plagues. Now that you know why scientists do this, I? ll tell you the mayor disadvantages of this process. Some of the risks that develop from the usage and consuming of GM affect our health, the environment, and the economic aspect. One of the health problems that can cause is to create a high allergic reaction of the substances that this kind of food has inside. Also, as more substances are inside the food the we eat, the more we are to become immune to the kind of substances or â€Å"antibiotics that they contain. It affects the environment because the high usage of herbicides in food affects the soil. And it also affects the economic aspect because it take more money to invest in GM food, rather than in normal food. In summary Genetically Modified food is food that has injected substances to make it better or to have some specific outcome that scientists wanted it to have. But in my opinion this substances inside the genes of the food is bad for people to consume. It can affect you in aspects like health, environmental and economic. To sum up, now that you know about transgenic products and their risks I hope that you consider all of what I just said In conclusion, genetically modified food is bad for your health, we should always be aware of the thing we eat everyday and try no eat more fresh food rather than prepared ones. Start by taking care of yourselves and others; stay healthy. Bibliography -Consumers with Allergic Reaction to Food: Perception of and Response to Food Risk in General and Genetically Modified Food in Particular, Galina Gaivoronskaia and Bjorn Hvinden, Science, Technology, Human Values , Vol. 31, No. 6 (Nov. , 2006), pp. 702-730 -Goodrich Schneider, R. (2007). Genetically modified food. Manuscript submitted for publication, University of Florida, Tampa, Florida. Retrieved from http://edis. ifas. ufl. edu/fs084 -Collins, Ted. GM Foods. CBBC News round (2010): n. pag. Web. 18 Nov 2011.

Macbeth: How Money Killed :: Macbeth essays

Macbeth: How Money Killed Many of our friends at Wall Street have serious heart problems; some of them even die years before they should because of the stress that is brought on by the money and greed of Wall Street. Money is also evident as a health risk in Macbeth and The Merchant of Venice, both written by William Shakespeare. On Wall Street people are driven by the greed of the people they represent, their own greed, and a general atmosphere of greed. In Macbeth, Macbeth is driven by personal ambition and his wife to become king at any expense, including slaying some of his personal friends and their families. Also, in The Merchant of Venice, Shylock the Jew is driven by a hatred for Christians and personal greed. In both plays the character with the greed driven personality end up on the short end of the stick. Macbeth's and Shylock's drive of greed is revealed after just the first few scenes. Macbeth's drive of greed is evident after his encounter with the three witches; after which he tells Banquo that he is eager to learn more about his future as king. Shylock's greed is revealed when we learn that unlike Bassanio, Shylock charges interest on all his loans, and that he is quite ruthless in getting payments for money owed. "Three thousand ducats. 'Tis a good round sum./ Tree months from twelve, then let me see, the /rate--" (1.3.112-114). Upon this Bassanio asks Shylock if he will really owe him any interest; Shylock reacts as almost offended, and further explains that Bassanio will indeed owe him interest. For both Macbeth and Shylock, this is the beginning of the end. Macbeth's greed starts to become a problem when people start figuring out the truth behind Duncan's death. Macbeth realizes that he is well beyond to point of no return and that the only thing left to do is to keep eliminating people whom may potentially stand in his way, or hurt his political figure such as when Macbeth sends orders to have Macduff's family assassinated because Macduff hurt Macbeth politically by not showing up at the party. "The castle of Macduff I will surprise/Seize upon Fife; give to th' edge o' th' sword/His wife, his babes, and all unfortunate souls/That trace him in his line" (4.2.150-153). Macbeth plots to kill Macduff's wife and child just because he didn't show up at his party where he was being blundersome any way. Shylock's greed goes from being a problem for Antonio to being a problem for himself. As Antonio's ships

Natives and the Europeans. Essay

In the book Heart of Darkness, Conrad gives us a negative impression of human nature. Conrad’s views of human nature are very pessimistic and he gives us the feeling that humans are in fact inhuman and as we read on these terrible images of the evil deeds of humans keeps reoccurring. In reality many of human characteristics we possess resemble those given in the book. However, we also catch glimpses of the caring and helpful side of man shown through Marlow and the Russian. The author uses different characters to explore different aspects of human nature. Each character has his own distinctive identity and through his individuality we are able to identify with many of the views and ideas Conrad is trying to communicate. In order to fully understand the concepts of human nature, we have to classify the characters in the novel into three different categories. The first category is comprised of the Europeans, but excludes Kurtz and Marlow. The reason Marlow doesn’t fit with the Europeans is because he refuses to follow their example and act as they do. Kurtz meanwhile has drifted into his own little world. The second category is made up of the natives, while Kurtz and Marlow together form the third category. We can see a clear contrast between the Europeans and the natives. They are different in everyway, especially the way they interact with each other. The Europeans in general who live in Africa form the first category. The manager, his nephew and the pilgrims are the main characters representing the European category. The way the Europeans force the natives to work in such appalling conditions; the men walking chained and the man being beaten unmercifully (p. 39) are all good examples of the brutality the Europeans brought to Africa. The pilgrims, meanwhile, are shown as the typical colonizers. The pilgrims have no value for the life of another person, they show this when they shoot the natives for fun. They kill the people just because they are alive. Killing people just for the fun of it takes human cruelty past the limit. â€Å"†¦. save the ivory you mean†¦. † (p. 100) Greed is another horrid but powerful characteristic of man. Greed motivates people to the extent that they the Europeans have come to Africa in the name of greed, sacrificing life in their own countries and time with their own families. They have come for the wealth that Africa will give them. The manager is probably the best example; he is a person whose sole objective is to acquire and keep ivory. Then we come to the second category which consists of natives. Throughout the book Conrad refers to them as â€Å"savages† and in this context the word implies that the natives are wild, uncivilized, and uneducated people. We know that, compared to the Europeans, the natives are in fact more civilized and educated in the way they act. â€Å"They are simple people†¦ † (p. 102) as the Russian puts it. â€Å"Simple people† meaning that they were not as sophisticated and didn’t have big ambitions like the Europeans. The cannibals, the fireman, the helmsman and the rest of the Africans we meet in this novel are the representatives from this category. The cannibals are shown as the typical Africans in contrast to the pilgrims, the typical Europeans. The cannibals are actually hard working, well behaved people and according to Marlow â€Å"†¦ fine fellows†¦ they were men one could work with, and I was grateful for them†¦ † (p. 61). Their behaviour on the boat, their will to work even though they are paid nothing and how they eat practically nothing are demonstrations of a great character strength, which Marlow envies.

Active Involvement

Active involvement is being involved and with on camps events like clubs sports teams and drama productions like acting in a play singing or playing an instrument. I have been involved in all these fields. For example I worked with the drama production class setting up the play â€Å"I hate hamlet† that went on this semester. I was in charge of the light and sound cues that were in the play. I really enjoyed my time working on this play. I learned a lot from the different people that were working with us.Actor’s backstage managers and the props people. Working together to put a play was a very hard job; we had to work as a team helping each other with different chores. We faced a lot of conflicts, which was very normal for a drama class to suffer from but in the end we put up the play and everybody enjoyed it. I am also on the volleyball team of auk. I am learning a lot. It is a must to work as whole not as single individuals when you’re on a team. Communication is key.Without communication we would have chaos on our team, and we wouldn’t be able to play properly. This impacted my college experience by teaching me important qualities that I will use later in life. For example, thinking before speaking, Communication, respect and patience. I got into a fight with my drama professor because I used to have a very bad way of communicating with my peers. I am a vey low tempered person, and that caused me to have problems with the team I was working with.But with time I learned that not everything has to work my way even if it was the right way, but I must listen to others views and opinions and take them into consideration before taking action on my own thoughts. This experience will help me a lot in the future by making me a better person with dealing with matters that involve dissension taking and organizing events. I am very thankful to this opportunity that showed me a better quality in me that I’m still working on, making it b etter everyday.I recommend freshman’s to get involved in sports and drama classes because to me success can be measured by how well a persons social intelligence is, a person that knows how to deal with certain situations and solves the conflict without making a big scan is a successful person and will see him or her self in the future as a leader. Sports will get you involved with a healthy lifestyle and gets you engaged with different people with different backgrounds and lets you create contacts around the collage campus.

Free Essays on How To Talk To A Hunter

Gender Diversity In her short story â€Å"How to Talk to a Hunter† Pam Houston puts an unconventional touch to the way she explains gender differences in a relationship. Her story is told in a consistent but unusual method with nameless characters and diversified insight on the narrator’s thoughts. Houston’s story relates to a vast majority of her readers. Her statements are unspecified, almost as if she is speaking about both genders as a whole. She expresses different thoughts about the attitudes of both men and women in relationships and gives a dose of the female thought process. The narrator in this story seems to be particularly paranoid and insecure. For example, when the hunter is talking about vacationing to Hawaii and Alaska she realizes it is â€Å"†¦impossible to tell if she was included in his plans.† She can’t figure out whether the hunter is talking about herself or another woman. I detected another hint of insecurity when the narrator notices the hunter talks about his friend and â€Å"..Manages to say eight things without a gender determining pronoun.† The narrator mentions things like this not only to show the hunter’s infidelity but also to show tension in the relationship. I read this short story as an allegorical thought, the entire piece of literature came from a random assortment of thoughts that the author eventually modified into a story. What makes this story unique is not just the manner in which the literature is presented, but also the gaps left for the reader to formulate an explanation. Some people might read this story as simply a relationship between two lovers; however, I see it as a stereotypical assessment of men and women in relationships. Houston does not specify names except for Janie Coyote, nor does she notify the readers when and where the story takes place. She gives no background on any of the characters, which makes it hard to follow on the first read through. I think ... Free Essays on How To Talk To A Hunter Free Essays on How To Talk To A Hunter Gender Diversity In her short story â€Å"How to Talk to a Hunter† Pam Houston puts an unconventional touch to the way she explains gender differences in a relationship. Her story is told in a consistent but unusual method with nameless characters and diversified insight on the narrator’s thoughts. Houston’s story relates to a vast majority of her readers. Her statements are unspecified, almost as if she is speaking about both genders as a whole. She expresses different thoughts about the attitudes of both men and women in relationships and gives a dose of the female thought process. The narrator in this story seems to be particularly paranoid and insecure. For example, when the hunter is talking about vacationing to Hawaii and Alaska she realizes it is â€Å"†¦impossible to tell if she was included in his plans.† She can’t figure out whether the hunter is talking about herself or another woman. I detected another hint of insecurity when the narrator notices the hunter talks about his friend and â€Å"..Manages to say eight things without a gender determining pronoun.† The narrator mentions things like this not only to show the hunter’s infidelity but also to show tension in the relationship. I read this short story as an allegorical thought, the entire piece of literature came from a random assortment of thoughts that the author eventually modified into a story. What makes this story unique is not just the manner in which the literature is presented, but also the gaps left for the reader to formulate an explanation. Some people might read this story as simply a relationship between two lovers; however, I see it as a stereotypical assessment of men and women in relationships. Houston does not specify names except for Janie Coyote, nor does she notify the readers when and where the story takes place. She gives no background on any of the characters, which makes it hard to follow on the first read through. I think ...

Nord-Pas-de-Calais essays

Nord-Pas-de-Calais essays Nord-Pas-de-Calais is situated on the northern border of Belgium. It is one of the smallest regions of France (12,412 km2) (Discover France, notecard #1). North-Pas-de-Calais is split into two departments. Its a region of contrasting landscapes: forests and woods ; gentle meadows and marshlands ; rolling hills; a varied coastline that stretches for miles and miles ;and wide-open spaces of unspoilt countryside. Nord-Pas-de-Calais is split into two departments: Pas de Calais and Nord. This province has the densest population after Ile de France, the most populated French province. Population of Nord-Pas-de-Calais is almost 4,000,000 people, and the density of population is 322 people per km2 (Discover France, notecard #1). Tere are a lot of great restaurants in Nord-Pas-de Calais. They offer either a taste of regional specialities or the sort of good food and drink you could find almost anywhere in France. There are a number of dishes to look out for including: Tarte Gros bords (open-top sweet custard tart), Andouillettes( small sausages made from chitterlings [offal] and served with chips or mashed potato). Try also Anguilles au vert (eels cooked with spinach and sorrel leaves in white wine; garnished with herbs and served hot or cold on fried bread), and Flamiche (Either a sweet or a savoury tart). Nord-Pas-De-Calais shares its border with Belgium and so there is a strong Flemish influence. For example, many people drink beer instead of wine and prefer to speak not French but Flemish. If you go to this province, you will probably want to go to the Cte d'Opale (Coast of Opals), which stretches as far south as Boulogne in Pas-de-Calais. This coast is at the narrowest stretch of La Manche (the English Channel). . You can find sandy beaches at Sangatte and Wissant and, if you are ready to dig deeper into the countryside, you'll discover r...

AP Chemistry Course and Exam Topics

AP Chemistry Course and Exam Topics This is an outline of the chemistry topics covered by the AP (Advanced Placement) Chemistry course and exam, as described by the College Board. The percentage given after the topic is the approximate percentage of multiple-choice questions on the AP Chemistry Exam about that topic. Structure of Matter (20%)States of Matter (20%)Reactions (35–40%)Descriptive Chemistry (10–15%)Laboratory (5–10%) I. Structure of Matter (20%) Atomic Theory and Atomic Structure Evidence for the atomic theoryAtomic masses; determination by chemical and physical meansAtomic number and mass number; isotopesElectron energy levels: atomic spectra, quantum numbers, atomic orbitalsPeriodic relationships including atomic radii, ionization energies, electron affinities, oxidation states Chemical Bonding Binding forcesa. Types: ionic, covalent, metallic, hydrogen bonding, van der Waals (including London dispersion forces)b. Relationships to states, structure, and properties of matterc. Polarity of bonds, electronegativitiesMolecular modelsa. Lewis structuresb. Valence bond: hybridization of orbitals, resonance, sigma and pi bondsc. VSEPRGeometry of molecules and ions, structural isomerism of simple organic molecules and coordination complexes; dipole moments of molecules; relation of properties to structure Nuclear Chemistry Nuclear equations, half-lives, and radioactivity; chemical applications. II. States of Matter (20%) Gases Laws of ideal gasesa. Equation of state for an ideal gasb. Partial pressuresKinetic-molecular theorya. Interpretation of ideal gas laws on the basis of this theoryb. Avogadros hypothesis and the mole conceptc. Dependence of kinetic energy of molecules on temperatured. Deviations from ideal gas laws Liquids and Solids Liquids and solids from the kinetic-molecular viewpointPhase diagrams of one-component systemsChanges of state, including critical points and triple pointsStructure of solids; lattice energies Solutions Types of solutions and factors affecting solubilityMethods of expressing concentration (The use of normalities is not tested.)Raoults law and colligative properties (nonvolatile solutes); osmosisNon-ideal behavior (qualitative aspects) III. Reactions (35–40%) Reaction Types Acid-base reactions; concepts of Arrhenius, Brà ¶nsted-Lowry, and Lewis; coordination complexes; amphoterismPrecipitation reactionsOxidation-reduction reactionsa. Oxidation numberb. The role of the electron in oxidation-reductionc. Electrochemistry: electrolytic and galvanic cells; Faradays laws; standard half-cell potentials; Nernst equation; prediction of the direction of redox reactions Stoichiometry Ionic and molecular species present in chemical systems: net ionic equationsBalancing of equations including those for redox reactionsMass and volume relations with emphasis on the mole concept, including empirical formulas and limiting reactants Equilibrium Concept of dynamic equilibrium, physical and chemical; Le Chateliers principle; equilibrium constantsQuantitative treatmenta. Equilibrium constants for gaseous reactions: Kp, Kcb. Equilibrium constants for reactions in solution(1) Constants for acids and bases; pK; pH(2) Solubility product constants and their application to precipitation and the dissolution of slightly soluble compounds(3) Common ion effect; buffers; hydrolysis Kinetics Concept of rate of reactionUse of experimental data and graphical analysis to determine reactant order, rate constants, and reaction rate lawsEffect of temperature change on ratesEnergy of activation; the role of catalystsThe relationship between the rate-determining step and a mechanism Thermodynamics State functionsFirst law: change in enthalpy; heat of formation; heat of reaction; Hesss law; heats of vaporization and fusion; calorimetrySecond law: entropy; free energy of formation; free energy of reaction; dependence of change in free energy on enthalpy and entropy changesRelationship of change in free energy to equilibrium constants and electrode potentials IV. Descriptive Chemistry (10–15%) A. Chemical reactivity and products of chemical reactions. B. Relationships in the periodic table: horizontal, vertical, and diagonal with examples from alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, halogens, and the first series of transition elements. C. Introduction to organic chemistry: hydrocarbons and functional groups (structure, nomenclature, chemical properties). Physical and chemical properties of simple organic compounds should also be included as exemplary material for the study of other areas such as bonding, equilibria involving weak acids, kinetics, colligative properties, and stoichiometric determinations of empirical and molecular formulas. V. Laboratory (5–10%) The AP Chemistry Exam includes some questions based on experiences and skills students acquire in the laboratory: making observations of chemical reactions and substances; recording data; calculating and interpreting results based on the quantitative data obtained, and communicating effectively the results of experimental work. AP Chemistry coursework and the AP Chemistry Exam also include working some specific types of chemistry problems. AP Chemistry Calculations When performing chemistry calculations, students will be expected to pay attention to significant figures, precision of measured values, and the use of logarithmic and exponential relationships. Students should be able to determine whether or not a calculation is reasonable. According to the College Board, the following types of chemical calculations may appear on the AP Chemistry Exam: Percentage compositionEmpirical and molecular formulas from experimental dataMolar masses from gas density, freezing-point, and boiling-point measurementsGas laws, including the ideal gas law, Daltons law, and Grahams lawStoichiometric relations using the concept of the mole; titration calculationsMole fractions; molar and molal solutionsFaradays law of electrolysisEquilibrium constants and their applications, including their use for simultaneous equilibriaStandard electrode potentials and their use; Nernst equationThermodynamic and thermochemical calculationsKinetics calculations

McDonalds as the leading global foodservice retailer Case Study

McDonalds as the leading global foodservice retailer - Case Study Example The following are their targets: Constant currency results exclude the effects of foreign currency exchange and are calculated by translating current year results using the previous year average exchange rates. System wide sales include sales at all restaurants both from company operated stores and franchisees. Return on incremental invested capital is a measure used to evaluate the overall profitability of all business units, the effectiveness of capital deployed and the future allocation of capital. The company's business strategy is tagged by management as the "Plan to Win". The plan is focused on customers and alignment of the company, its franchisees as well as its suppliers. The business model employed by the company enables them to consistently deliver locally-relevant restaurant experiences to customers and become an integral part of the company they served. The "Plan to Win" strategy is centered on being better, not just bigger - which has become the company's system wide mantra for six years now. It provides not just a common framework for the global business corporation but also allows for local adaptation. It is the corporate headquarters philosophy to think globally but to act locally. The company executes multiple initiatives in order to pull off their grand strategy. Every program focuses on the five key drivers of exceptional customer experience. The key drivers are people, product, place, price and promotion. The company aims at enhancing the restaurant for customers worldwide in order to grow sales and customer visits. The company's success factors include brand affordability, menu variety and beverage choice, convenience expansion, ongoing restaurant reinvestment and operations excellence. McDonald's Short Term Objectives McDonald's will continue to drive success and profitable growth in the years to come. They will further differentiate the brand, increase customer visits and grow market share by pursuing their short term objectives in three key areas. The areas include service enhancement, restaurant reimaging, and menu innovation. The company will leverage technology in order to make it easier for restaurant staff to quickly and accurately serve customer. They will also speed up the interior and exterior reimaging efforts as well as innovate at every level of their menu in order to deliver great taste and value to customers. (McDonald's Corporation, 2010) McDonald's Functional Tactics In the US, the company's functional tactics include strengthening the restaurant's core menu and value offerings such as the Big Mac, pursuing new growth opportunities in chicken, breakfast, beverages and snack options, and elevating the brand experience. New product offerings include Mac Snack Wrap, frappes and smoothies. They will be updating their technology with a new point of sale system; optimizing drive-thru service; enhancing restaurant manager and crew retention and productivity; and completing interior and exterior reimaging in about 500 restaurants. (McDonald's Corporation, 2010) In Europe, the company focuses on building market share by updating restaurant's ambiance through reimaging approximately 1,000 restaurants. They will be leveraging technologies such as

An analysis of three women from three works by edith wharton Essay

An analysis of three women from three works by edith wharton - Essay Example Her works display her inborn wit and are characterized for their humor, incisiveness and uneventfulness (Wikipedia). As a child, Wharton lived overseas until the age of six when her family settled in New York. She was not formally schooled, but she educated herself by receiving instruction from her governess and by reading through her father's collection of books (Dwight and Winner). In 1885, aged 23, she married Edward Robbins Wharton, but the marriage was tumultuous and unhappy. The marriage ended in divorce in 1913, on grounds of her husband's public infidelity and degrading health. Wharton's first work published, The Decoration of Houses, is not a work of fiction, but a work on architecture and landscaping. In the course of her life, Wharton has traveled extensively through Continental Europe, eventually settling in France. From France, she observed the battles of World War I from the frontlines and wrote Fighting France: From Dunkerque to Belfort, a series of articles about the fighting. She was involved actively in the Red Cross and with the refugees, and was given the French Legion of Honor award for her efforts. In a writing career spanning forty years, Wharton would produce more than forty volumes of work. Her first work published, The Decoration of Houses, is not a work of fiction, but a book on architecture and landscaping. ... r work, responding particularly to the elegance and precision of her prose and the sharpness of her wit; others don't like her at all, finding it hard to "get into" her fiction because she seems so cold, the prose seems so detailed and self-conscious, and the subject matter is so elite" ("Edith Wharton"). Said Dwight and Winner, Edith Wharton "was a born storyteller, whose novels are justly celebrated for their vivid settings, satiric wit, ironic style, and moral seriousness," whose works contain characters are "[o]ften portrayed as tragic victims of cruel social conventions, they are trapped in bad relationships or confining circumstances." The three works chosen for this paper, The Other Two, The Muse's Tragedy and The Pomegranate Seed, are works of Wharton that provide examples to this statement. One such character trapped by conventions is Mrs. Alice Waythorn from The Other Two. The story is told from the point of view by Alice's third husband Mr. Waythorn, whose glowing fascination for his charming bride then turned to doubt about her personality and the fact that she was married twice before him. It is a doubt that grew each time he encountered her former husbands, to wane into numbness with familiarity with them, and to be resolved in the most humorous and unexpected of turns. The Muse's Tragedy, aptly named, is the story of a woman named Mary Anerton, who was seen by the society she moves in as the muse of the renowned poet Vincent Rendle, and immortalized in his "Sonnets to Silvia." While the public whispered of the great love affair between poet and muse, which lent fame - and after the poet's death, authority on his works - to Mrs. Anerton, the truth is that the love affair existed only in Mrs. Anerton's mind, the fruit of her unspoken longing for the

Latin american countries economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Latin american countries economy - Essay Example The authors argue that the distributive conflicts are the major reason for Brazilian inflation. In their opinion, social groups such as unionized workers, rentiers and monopoly capitalists have monopoly power and can determine the prices of their goods or services strategically. When some of these groups use their market power to increase their share of national income, other groups also react with the same weapons and subsequently conflict inflation may arises. Another reason mentioned in the article for Brazilian inflation is the monetary crisis. The deterioration of Brazilian currency is related to the problems in the supply of money. The authors refereed this type of inflation as the extra money inflation. In their opinion, extra money can be created both privately and by the public sector. They argued that extra money increases the nominal national income. If extra money increases demand in those sectors which are operating in full strength, prices will increase if imports of are inadequate. Thus extra money produces inflation. In short, the authors believe that high inflation, high interest rates, balance of payment vulnerability and the government’s inability to maintain low inflation rates and exchange rate stability are the major obstacles in front of Brazil in attaining proper economic growth. The author of this article argues that Colombian economic growth is directly related to the armed conflicts existing in that country. Coffee is one of the major revenue sources for Colombia; however, coffee prices dipped a lot in the recent past which affected Colombian economy drastically. Economic decline brought poverty and unemployment in Columbia for the past few decades. The author argues that pathetic living conditions made Colombian soil fe3rtile for antisocial activities like armed violence. Colombian administration is not getting enough time to concentrate more on the problems in

History of Korean Arts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

History of Korean Arts - Essay Example The methodology followed to have the rhetorical analysis done was to critically examine the text and the layout of the pages and to arrive at a conclusion by comparing them with the standardized theories and principles. It is quite evident from the layout and the site tree that the information is intended to be extended to a wide range of audience. It is interesting to note that there the website has made available eleven multilingual versions excluding the one in English. This clearly indicates that the objective is to expose Korean culture through its art forms and handicrafts to the people across the globe. The knowledge that the website offers can be useful to researchers, historians and also to students. The approach of the website to cater for people ranging from common man to specific researchers. In each and every detail of the WebPages the integrated purpose of the web resource is evidently visible. Be that the text or even the smallest of graphical elements, all has worked together towards the purpose of ideally reflecting Korean culture. The home page promises the reader to be taken through a breathtaking journey into the history of Korean culture. In the simplest language, the purpose of the website is to highlight Korean culture through the traditional and historical aspects pertaining to its arts and handicrafts. The arrangement and the layout also contains within it specific Korean cultural reflections. However, the arrangement of the homepage appears to be a bit complex and improper.

Chesapeake And New England Colonies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Chesapeake And New England Colonies - Essay Example These are the things that inspired people to organize in various ways and to experiment with new ways of building communities. It was the Chesapeake colonies that introduced slavery to America. They had labor-intensive economies and required help. As this critic puts it: The Chesapeake colonies, Virginia and Maryland, established in the early 17th century, and later the Carolinas, were settlement colonies where land was initially given to colonists in exchange for their efforts to cultivate and work it. Those colonists who fared well in the harsh conditions could accumulate enough land to require additional labor to work their holdings. After unsuccessful attempts to use native groups as workers, wealthy colonists imported indentured servants from Britain - an available supply of workers because of population growth. (PBS) We can see here how the seeds were sowed for eventual conflict between north and south in the American Civil War of the 1860s. The America of the 18th century was an impressive and increasingly confident place. Even though the colonies of New England and the Chesapeake were very different places, they were beginning to show similar qualities. Both were independent places where people spoke their minds and respected their neighbours. Both were full of hardworking individuals who envisaged a better life for their children. By examining the history of these two, most important, colonies we can begin to see the form that America would take in all its glory.

The Nature of Human Soul Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Nature of Human Soul - Essay Example Plato’s Phaedo has rightly considered as one of the most famous philosophic dialogues about the nature of the human be the ng and the place of soul in it. Plato’s philosophy of human nature and soul is quite straightforward: there is no separation of soul and body, and even death does not break this relationship. Plato asserts that the truth of life is in the way humans hear or see it, as both sight and hearing are the two accurate witnesses of the actual acquirement of knowledge. â€Å"And the thought is best when the mind is gathered into herself and none of these things trouble her – neither sounds nor sights nor pain nor any pleasure – when she has as little as possible to do with the body† (Plato). The soul is the miracle of life, through which humans rethink their deeds and the actions of others, filling themselves with fears, loves, fancies, and lusts (Plato).         Lieutenant Commander Data may be well deprived of the lusts, fancies, and loves that are familiar to humans, but the complexity of his exquisite mind should not be disregarded. Data grasp new information coming to him from the world around him with unusual mental hunger. He has a book he likes because it reminds him of the special moments in his life, and he confesses that he and Tasha Yar used to be intimate (Star Trek). Data demonstrates the sensitivity and respect a machine without a soul would never show, and based on Plato’s writings, it is possible to assume that Data’s body is inseparable from his soul. The latter helps him to understand the complexity of the world.            Like Plato, Descartes was extrthe only concerned with the questions of the human body and soul. However, unlike Plato, the perspective Descartes chooses is called ‘doubt’. In the First Meditation, Descartes asserts that reason and thinking capabilities are the foundational pillars of human existence. To a large extent, thinking in Descartes is the same as the soul in Plato. Descartes writes: â€Å"although the senses sometimes deceive us about objects that are very small or distant, that doesn’t apply to my belief that I am here, sitting g by the fire, wearing a winter dressing-gown, holding this piece of paper in my hands, and so on†.

Chesapeake And New England Colonies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Chesapeake And New England Colonies - Essay Example These are the things that inspired people to organize in various ways and to experiment with new ways of building communities. It was the Chesapeake colonies that introduced slavery to America. They had labor-intensive economies and required help. As this critic puts it: The Chesapeake colonies, Virginia and Maryland, established in the early 17th century, and later the Carolinas, were settlement colonies where land was initially given to colonists in exchange for their efforts to cultivate and work it. Those colonists who fared well in the harsh conditions could accumulate enough land to require additional labor to work their holdings. After unsuccessful attempts to use native groups as workers, wealthy colonists imported indentured servants from Britain - an available supply of workers because of population growth. (PBS) We can see here how the seeds were sowed for eventual conflict between north and south in the American Civil War of the 1860s. The America of the 18th century was an impressive and increasingly confident place. Even though the colonies of New England and the Chesapeake were very different places, they were beginning to show similar qualities. Both were independent places where people spoke their minds and respected their neighbours. Both were full of hardworking individuals who envisaged a better life for their children. By examining the history of these two, most important, colonies we can begin to see the form that America would take in all its glory.

Managment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Managment - Essay Example was done by HSE (2001), it was seen that the the way health and safety is maintained is of equal importance just like the way other sectors are managed because it reflects how efficient and relevant the (HSE, 2001) system could be in the working place. The objective of this report is to asses how health and safety management system is being observed and implemented at Carillion place. This objective ha sto be met by checking the main elements of the system at Carillon plc. The main elements include: planning, performance, performance assessment and performance improvement of the health and safety system. Carillion is a multinational construction company located in Wolverhampton, United Kingdom. It mainly deals with construction and engineering activities both civil and building and employs approximately 51,000 across the globe. One of the major sectors that Carillon keeps watch on is the health and safety management of the company. Due to its value for that sector it was given an award of OHSAS certification in 2000. With Carillon having the certification of BS OHSAS 18001, it meets the requirements for the methodology that is located which it is named Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) approach, that has been illustrated using a diagram in Fig 1.0.0 (HSE 2001, p.6). it has a certification for OHSAS 18001, this makes OHSAS 18001 health and safety management system the body that is used to check it and it can also be checked by the HSG65 gap analysis model. A summary of this review has been shown in Appendix B. Factors that make the health and safety management of Carillion effective is the fact that it has its health and safety policies written that sets the trend for maintaining health and safety in the organization. A copy of this policy statement has been put in Appendix A. The policy statement document has been written and undersigned by Richard Howson, the CEO of Carillion construction company. It clearly says that the Health and Safety of the people that work

Bats Echolocation Essay Example for Free

Bats Echolocation Essay Echolocation is the art which is utilized by many animals in the detection of their pray and for navigational purposes. These animals are generally not equipped with eyes that are functionally advanced to the extent that makes them a good predator in their habitat. Common examples of such animals are Bats, dolphins, whales etc.   Such animals emit an ultrasonic signal into the environment and sense the signal that returns back after striking from the surroundings. This enables them to appreciate what waits ahead of them, its range, size etc. In short echolocation works exactly like modern day sonar in which the animal makes an estimate of the range of the pray by calculating the time interval between its own emission of the sound and the echoes that return back. Bats use echolocation signals that range in the frequency from   14kHz to 1000khz (Neuweiler 245) .These signals are thus well out of the range of human ear to hear which is capable to decipher audio signals falling between the frequency of 20 Hz -20,000 Hz .. Studies have indicated that bats have a very characteristic pattern of hunting by echolocation that can be divided into four phases namely search phase, approach phase, terminal buzz and the post buzz phase. All these phases differ in their band width and inter pulse duration. When a bat is in flying smoothly in search of it’s pray it is said to be in the search phase which is characterized by pulses which have a comparatively low pulse repetition rate, a higher pulse duration and inter-pulse interval . When the pray is detected the signal is changed to the approach phase in which the interval between the pulses decreases to about 33 ms. Just before the capture of the pray most of the echo locating bats emit a terminal buzz, which has further decreased inter-pulse interval. The terminal buzz phase can also be divided into a Buzz I and Buzz II phase. Irrespective of the fact that a prey capture attempt is successful or not the same pattern of phases is repeated again during the course a bat is flying in search of its pray. To tell more simply the usual signals in the search phase are well separated and have a lesser rate/sec as compared to the signals which are released when the bat has spotted and is just approaching its target.   The pattern of the phases are however different which would be discussed later in the same article. One may be wondering what makes these animals utilize such advanced mechanisms to hunt for their pray. The answer lies in the fact that bats are provided with a highly sensitive inner ear (The part of the ear that detects and transmits hearing impulses to higher centers in the nervous system). In the same way bats have a very advanced auditory cortex in order to interpret these signals (Grinnell 25). Numerous studies have been conducted on the echolocation pattern of the bats; below it the summaries of some selected studies which would enable the readers in a better understanding of the topic. Although it is an extremely vast topic yet every effort is made to provide the summaries of recent five researches 1) Effects of successful capture attempt versus unsuccessful capture attempt on post-buzz period: Adam et al in their study demonstrated the effect of a successful catch over an unsuccessful attempt on the post-Buzz period. Post Buzz period is the interval that follows the terminal buzz till the usual pattern of the pulses, search phase is restarted. According to this study the post-buzz phase was significantly greater after successful attempts as compared to unsuccessful attempts.206 ±112.3ms for successful attempts and 106.2 ± 83.3 ms for unsuccessful attempts. This increase in the post-buzz period has been attributed to time that is required in the handling of the pray. Similar studies have indicated increase in post-buzz time upon the successful capture of the pray (Kalko 225). However the post-buzz time was shorter in this study than that found in that found by Adam et al possibly due to the use of smaller insects. So the pray size is also a determining factor in the duration of post-buzz interval. Similar results were obtained by a study done by Annemarie, Vibeke and Jakob Tougaard from the University of Southern Denmark. In addition to the calculation of post-buzz time for successful and unsuccessful attempts they also calculated the post-buzz periods for touches also, i.e. when a bat is unsuccessful in capturing the prey yet its body parts slightly touch the prey in flight. Similar to the previous studies the post-buzz period was greatest in successful catches 272.2 ms and shortest in unsuccessful attempts, 117.9 ms and almost a middle value in case of touches i.e. 181.2 ms. 2. Effect of the size of prey on the bat’s response time One might think that it makes sense if we say that larger prays are detected from a longer distance as compared to prays of smaller size. But in actual studies this belief has been negated. One of the studies indicated that there was no significant effect of the size of the pray on the reaction time of bats. The mean time from detection till attempted capture was 604 ±141 ms (Britton 1796). Similar results were found by Acharya and Fenton in their study titled â€Å"Echolocation behavior of vespertilionid bats attacking airborne targets including arctiid moths† 3. Echolocation frequency of bat species and its relation with geographical habitat: In a lot number of studies the interesting phemenon of the relationship between specific bat frequencies to their habitat was demonstrated. Gareth Jones and Sofie M. V Parijs demonstrated the presence of both high frequency and low frequency Pipistrelus bats in Britain. The echolocation signals of the low frequency bats were never found to exceed 52 KHz while that of the high frequency bats were usually above 52 KHz (Jones 123). They attributed this frequency difference to their geographical habitats.   In recordings from Scotland the high frequency bats which were found to be 71% clearly dominated the low frequency bats.   Thus it was concluded that in a particular geographical area different phenotypic bats having nearly similar echolocation frequencies of the same specie can exist and the change in frequency is not exhibited by the same phenotype which change its frequency according to ecological conditions. 4) Echolocation studies in Dolphins: Dolphins appear to have a lot more advanced echolocation system as compared to bats. They listen to their pray and then use echolocation signals to get more information about the pray (Harley 62). There is also a possibility that dolphins use echolocation signals for communication purposes as well this was proposed by Brownlee. Conclusion: Keeping in view the diversified studies that have been done on the echolocation patterns of bats one finds himself amazed to see what is known and highly curious about what is yet to be found out. Future works can target coding bat species according to their echolocation frequencies. Although this is not going to be an easy job but it is going to open windows to new dimensions of research. Through this coding an attribution to the geographical location of the bats can also be made.

Research Paper -- essays papers

Research Paper Inclusive education means that all students in a school, regardless of their strengths or weaknesses in any area, become part of the school community. They are included in the feeling of belonging among other students, teachers, and support staff. The educational practice known as, full inclusion may have negative effects on the self-esteem of a special needs child. In 1975, Congress passed the Education for All Handicapped Children Act, also known as Public Law94-142. Before this law came into effect many children with disabilities were routinely excluded from public schools. Their options were to remain at home or be institutionalized. This law was an important landmark in education and because of this law, today; no child may be denied a free and appropriate public education. Inclusion is a relatively new movement in education developed first by parents and professional advocates. It is an attempted to bring special needs children into the classroom and to educate them in, classrooms with there, non-learning disabled peers. While attempting to do this I think it is extremely important to consider the self-esteem of a child being put in these classrooms. One of the basic elements of self-esteem comes from the comfort in being part of a valued social circle. A child with special needs placed in a regular classroom already feels ostracized because their needs differ from the majority of the class. Inclusion may help a child academically, but the maturity level of these children keeps them socially apart from the rest of their peers. Inclusion was first introduced in 1989 by the CSIE (center for studies on inclusive education). Prior to the introduction of inclusion was the idea of mainstreaming ... ...ith severe disabilities in schools. San Diego, California: Singular Publishing Group. Schwier, K. & Hingsburger, D. (2000). Sexuality: your sons and daughters with intellectual disabilities. Baltimore, Maryland: Paul H. Brookes Publishing Co., Inc. Tamaren, M. (1992). I make a difference: a curriculum guide building self-esteem and sensitivity in the inclusive classroom. Novato, California: Academic Therapy Publications. Vance, B. (ed). (1998). Psychological assessment of children. Canada: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. This book includes many psychiatric assessments of students in inclusive classrooms. Masters, Jason. (2003). Interview conducted with Jason Masters on April 2003. Pevik, J., Mccomas, J., & Laflamme, M. (2002). Barriers and facilitators to inclusive Education. Council for exceptional children, Vol. 69, pp. 97-107.

Getting Back into the Game :: Personal Narrative Essays

Getting Back into the Game I have always been involved in sports in some way or another. I was team captain in every sport imaginable in elementary school. Junior high I continued to be involved in sports, but it wasn't until high school started that I really got into it. I played soccer, softball and basketball at Rogers High School. I particularly loved soccer. Just playing it gave me a rush I had never felt before. Also knowing that this sport took a lot of hard work and dedication gave me a sense of satisfaction, because I knew that I put everything I had into it. Putting a lot of dedication and hard work into something may prove to be useful in the future. When I had my baby, being involved in sports at all seemed impossible. Then one day, my friend Cory from work was telling me that her daughter wanted to play soccer. She then said that she was going to coach because no one else had volunteered in her area. The only problem was that she didn't know the first thing about soccer. That gave me an idea. I played soccer in high school, so I thought I could help her, so I did. My friend Cory and I went down to Spokane Youth Sports Association and volunteered to become soccer coaches. I couldn't believe that I was actually getting to do this. I thought it was going to be great. I had not played soccer in a while, so I was nervous when I first started coaching. I never knew how hard it would be to dedicate yourself and your time to something without getting compensated for it. It was especially hard when the kids were more often than not pretty hard to deal with. I was coaching a team of nine-year-old girls. Some of those girls seemed to want to be there, and others not. That made it very difficult to get all of their attention at once. Sometimes it was so bad I felt that I was wasting my time. But I stuck it out in hopes that they would come around, after all they were only nine. As time went on the girls started to come around and started listening and enjoying the

Teacher-Student Relationships

Topic: â€Å"Teacher-Student Relationships and Academic and Behavioral Levels† Introduction The importance of teacher-student relationships will forever be an increasing factor in students’ academic achievements and behaviors. The general topic for this research is how teacher-student relationships affect students’ academic achievements develop or destroy their behavioral skills. This topic brings about a lot of conflicts that leads to many unanswered questions such as ‘What happens to the teacher-student relationships after the early school years? Due to the fact that students go through their most important developmental changes during their middle school years. The goal of this study is to advance our under- standing of the longitudinal connections between teacher–child relationships and children’s academic and behavioral development across elementary schools. The criteria used in analyzing and comparing literature was conducting a study by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) using a cooperative agreement that used the scientific collaboration between grantees and NICHD staff.The sequence of this review is set up in a very articulate and organized arrangement. The scope was very limited was seen in this review by the NICHD on Teacher-Student Relationships and Academic and Behavioral Levels. In this study, the keywords are evident in the topic it self, such as: academic achievement which is the level of actual accomplishment or proficiency one has achieved in an academic areas, as opposed to one’s potential. Behavioral Problem is a behavior that is annoying or destructive. Maternal Characteristics are having the qualities of, or befitting a mother.The most important keyword and definition in this study is teacher-student relationship, which is the basic relationship with teachers and the students that they instruct. In this research the teacher-student relationships are based on being positive and impacting the students’ lives in academically and behavioral ways. Main Points In today’s educational world, there is great recognition of the motivation that is present due to the active and positive teacher-student relationships being formed in the schools. In this study, at some point in student’s early school years, teachers are seen as ‘part-time caregivers’ to the students.The bio ecological model and developmental systems theory proposed a conceptual model to advance our understanding of the nature of relationships between teachers and children, and their contribution to children’s development. This model says that good relationships with teachers are defined by a combination of high levels of closeness and low levels of conflict. Closeness in teacher–student relationships is characterized by warmth, positive affects, and open communication. But on the flip side, there is conflict that comes with negativity, h ostility, and difficulty in man- aging children’s behavior.There has been arguments that high-quality teacher–child relationships can promote students’ academic and behavioral development by providing an environment of sup- port and emotional security in which children feel confident and supported. Research conducted in preschool and the first years of elementary school has examined the association between the quality of teacher–child relation- ships and children’s development showing modest links between relationship quality and contemporaneous, and on occasion, subsequent development of academic skills.This evidence, however, is limited by its longitudinal scope. There are key transformations in the role of teachers and classroom structure between preschool and the elementary years. Beginning in first grade, teachers become increasingly focused on their role as instructors and less focused on providing warmth and nurturance for children. Addition ally, classrooms are structured differently, as children often change teachers for different subjects. They also experience larger class sizes and child-to-teacher ratios that impose new demands on children in terms of self-regulation and socialization.Not to mention, students have fewer opportunities for one-to-one teacher– child interaction. Another study was conducted and aimed at determining the relationship between teachers' evaluation scores and the students' academic performance in Ham University of Medical Sciences. This study basically reports that some experts' opinions suggests that evaluation of the teachers' performance by the students is the only tangible way and the best kind of evaluation ecause the students are the only people who are directly taught by the professors; hence, they are in the best position to evaluate their teachers' educational activities. This investigation has two primary goals which are to determine whether; between- and within- child diff erences in academic achievement and behavior problems are associated with teacher–child relationship quality throughout elementary school and the second goal is to consider whether the importance of teacher–child relationship quality changes as children move through elementary school.The data used for this study came from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development, a large, multi-method longitudinal study of non-parental care experiences and child development. The participants for this study were selected using a conditional sampling plan to ensure that the sample reflected the economic, educational, and ethnic composition of the 10 cities from which participants were recruited. In terms of the measures taken to access the academic achievement field interviewers and teacher reporters used a direct assessment.Reading and math achievement was assessed with the Woodcock– Johnson Psycho-Educational Ba ttery administered in first, third, and fifth grades by field interviewers. Conclusion The results of this study help academic and behavioral development and us to advance our understanding of the longitudinal connections between teachers–student relationships during elementary school. Using a large and diverse database, this is the first study to examine both between- and within-child associations between teacher–student relationship quality and child’s functioning, and how these associations change across the elementary school years.By analyzing data from mothers, teachers, and standardized assessments, this study allows for comparisons across informants. Results from this study indicate that the quality of relationships that teachers report having with children is associated with trajectories of achievement and behavior problems from kindergarten through fifth grade. The observed associations were consistent across informants in the case of child behavior pro blems, whereas associations with academic achievement emerged only when both relationship qualities and achievements were reported by the teacher.Finally, the importance of the quality of relationships with teachers for children’s development seems to be un-changing, as children get older. One strength of this study is that it tested within- child connections between relationship quality and children’s development. Bibliography Bahadori, M. , Sadeghifar, J. , Peyman, H. , Shams, L. , Sayemiri, K. , ; Nejati, M. (2012). The relationship between teachers' evaluation scores and the students' academic performance: a case study in Iran. TTEM- Technics Technologies Education Management, 7(4), 1635-1640. Dictionary. com. n. d. ). Retrieved from www. dictionary. com Maldonado-Carreno, C. , ; Votruba-Drzal, E. (2011). Teacher-Child Relationships and the Development of Academic and Behavioral Skills During Elementary School: A Within- and Between-Child Analysis. Child Developmen t, 82(2), 601-616. doi:10. 1111/j. 1467-8624. 2010. 01533. x Theasurus. com (n. d) Retrieved from www. theasaurus. com Zuosheng Sun1, b. (2012). An Empirical Study on New Teacher-student Relationship and Questioning Strategies in ESL Classroom. English Language Teaching, 5(7), 175-183. doi:10. 5539/elt. v5n7p175

A Savage Journey

Numerous pursuits in obtaining dreams had been evident in the perceptions of many individuals.   How an individual carries himself in the realm of reality is actually dependent on how one tries to comprehend and internalize the explanations on why things consequently fall into place.As for Hunter Thompson, America has wickedly divulged on the rather comical state of rationality and thus is considerably out of track with regard to the rather important matters in life.   Its innovative response to technology and corruption is swallowing up the credit of the living masses and is thus benefited by the predator of the country.Thompson’s means of establishing what seemed to be true in his immediate time showed that the country was indeed facing a critical state of confusion over ‘reality’ and ‘idealism’.Undeniably, the impact of confusion towards a certain group of people or set of community may mean much on the development and the level of thinking of many.   How individuals are actually correlated in a broader sense, is the main reason why one action, either directly or indirectly, involves another whether it is in the negative or the positive state.AnalysisThompson’s book took pleasure upon unfolding the secrets of the past and the horrifying truths of the vortex of Las Vegas, or America at that.In the most extreme sense, I could easily distinguish the initial intent of the author in producing such masterpiece in the â€Å"dope world† which as a matte of fact, transcribed during the 60’s (Thompson), and if it may not be that harsh to take into assumption, inherited by today’s contemporary dopers, at that.One of the striking perceptions which I have noted on the novel, as established in Thompson’s plot, is the harshness of the society on the concept of ‘illegal’ entities.   Perhaps it is righteous enough to implement certain laws and reputation with regard to the matter, but th en again, the equilibrium of the imposition seems to boggle my sanity in that certain perspective.Thus, I realized that the callous form of justice had been crucially bias, taking for certain to a fact that even those who were held responsible for the eradication of what they introduced as ‘illegal’ were actually the catalysts of the inequity.   It takes to raise a brow in my rationality in the prudent side.The novel itself, taken with opinion based justification, is considerably a breakthrough to the society and to those who are well concerned over the matter.Perhaps ‘drugs’ is an evil commodity, but how Thompson was able to deliver his stands with the use of wickedly comical idioms and metaphors struck my amazement that his view on the society was amorously correlated and incorporated as rather the ‘evil’ one and ‘drugs’ as the hero of mankind (Thompson).   How’s that for the paradox of the universe?

Aegean, Roman, and Greek Cultures Essay

Aegean civilization flourished during the Bronze Age in Greece and the so-called Aegean Age. Minoan and Mycenaean civilizations were among those civilizations in the Aegean that has made its zenith during this era. Minoan civilization developed on the mountainous areas of Crete. Crete naturally possessed a wide-range of harbors which made it possible for the Minoans to settle and establish permanent livelihood as traders and merchants. From 1700 BC, they were involved in various trades including the important tin trading that is used to make bronze. Minoans focused their belief on female deities (note that Minoan women were usually appointed officials – a symbol of respect and authority). Many archeologists believed that the Minoans have equal treatment to men and women. Evidences from Minoan artworks showed that the equal status of men and women. Minoan artworks also showed evidences of the development of the Minoan civilization (three periods of Minoan civilization – EM, MM, and LM). Among the surviving Minoan arts is Minoan pottery. Different periods of Minoan civilization also showed different modes of design of their ceramics which include spirals in the Early Minoan, natural designs like flowers and birds during the Middle Minoan. After the demise of the Aegean civilization (during the Hittite invasion of Asia Minor), Greece began to make advances in culture. The development of the city-state allowed the propagation of culture across geography – enabling city-states to develop its own cultural tools. It can be said that the zenith of Greek culture was during the Hellenistic period (lasted for about 200 years). The Greek Hellenistic period span from 323 B. C. up to the Battle of Actium in 31 B. C. The Hellenistic period paved the way to many transformations of Greek art. Though the Classical concepts in art were not thoroughly abandoned, the birth of the Hellenistic period made the artists create different and unique art concepts. The artists during this time explored and manipulated their imagination on their subject. It was also during this period that higher degree of Naturalism took place as a logical conclusion to great sculptors like Praxitelis and Lysipos whose works demanded for the art representation of the human figure. In a Greek art (Boy Jockey), the bold expression of energy and power during great pressure was represented. The change of focus of the Hellenistic art from religious and naturalistic ideas and concepts to human expressions, psychological concern and theatrical background, paved the way to the sculptures that includes the natural physical surroundings with creative landscaping and theatrical groupings. The Nike of Samothrace is a sculpture that embraced the true meaning and understood the world through the application of certain techniques and aesthetic conventions. The winged goddess with her outstretched wings gracefully prevents the stone from falling due to gravity. The sculpture also represented the physical human presence and the external force within it. The representation evidently speaks for the Greeks acceptance of the physical power of human being and all other external forces acting on it. Elsewhere in the Mediterranean Sea, a new power was on the rise. Roman expansion to the East resulted to: 1) consolidation of the Greek peninsula under Roman rule; 2) the destruction of Macedonia, weakening of the Seleucid Empire, and the incorporation of the states of Bithynia and Pergamum to Rome; and 3) increased Greek influence on Roman culture. Although Roman art is essentially a derivation of Greek art, it is different in two respects. First, Roman art is generally a modification of Greek art. The invention of concrete during the 1st century A. D. greatly advanced Roman art and architecture. For example, the simple amphitheatre of the Greeks was transformed into a colosseum. Concrete allowed the construction of more complex structures. Second, Greek art was essentially religious in character (this is assertion is debatable for some historians). Roman art and architecture was a mixture of religious and political philosophies. The Roman poet Ovid often referred to the Greeks as the champion of religious authority – the center of religious worship in the Mediterranean Sea, and the Romans as the bearer of Greek culture. Here, Ovid was essentially arguing that Roman culture cannot be solely religious in nature. As the forerunner of ancient democratic institutions, Rome must distinguish itself politically from its subject peoples. With Roman domination of the Mediterranean, Greek culture spread to all parts of the Roman Empire. In the East, it became the ethos of a new cultural revival – Greek in orientation. This revival was essentially the last if not the least of Hellenism prior to the rise of Christianity as the dominant religion in the Roman Empire. Before the Christian culture, Greek culture was the predominant mode of humanistic endeavor. However, one must understand that Greek culture was a partial derivation of Aegean culture – a culture which is embellished in myth, tragedy, and greatness. Here, one can clearly see the development of Western culture – a result of the transfusion of Greek culture and Christian learning.

Change Management Plan Paper Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Change Management Plan Paper - Case Study Example Technology and innovative approaches to business are the main priorities of this company. In order to remain competitive and sustain its strong market position, CrysTel needs effective change models and leadership styles to support current improvements and innovations. At the heart of the Management of Change as a subject is a series of claims about what causes change and what are the solutions for managing this change effectively. The claims of those who know what these solutions are can be simply and directly put, but are sometimes more general than they are specific about the definitions on which these claims rely (Eneroth and Larsson 5). Organizational objectives devolving into departmental goals and then finally embodied in individual key tasks that assumes hierarchy and a systematic world governed by targeted work for individuals who contribute to departmental targets. These departments work together to support the organizational objectives. Following Grant et al (2002) 'Effective change management is not just about the "hard" structural aspects of organizations, but also requires actions based on an in-depth appreciation of their cultural and human aspects' (238). In CrysTel, Marketing and Sales departments suffer from low productivity and absenteeism, poor communication and lack of employee mentoring. Low motivation results in low productivity and high errors rates, poor morale and organizational culture. The difference lies in the active encouragement, which facilitates frankness about suspicions, attitudes and expectancies - not all of them positive. Beliefs that managers do not care are not exceptional in the organization. Opinions about stress and workloads having increased and the belief that terms and conditions are applied inconsistently are the beginnings of an agenda change that managers will need to address (Segriovanni and Glickman 98). CrysTel's Marketing and Sales Departments need a strong leadership, effective conflict resolution and negotiation techniques. Goal orientation is measured as priority ratings on the organization's growth, yield, societal value, independence, and prestige. To assess values, managers are asked to identify the values in the corporate mission statement that they believe are brought into practice. If the department lacks communication and unity, it fails to perform effectively. The focal points of the organizational change are strategy and human resource management. The new strategy, labeled "vision," should be aimed to bring together expertise and improve the exchange of knowledge and expertise. This will imply new working processes and a new organizational structure. Key players in the vision process are the general management, the management of the departments and the appointed manager. During the ensuing change process, every staff member should be involved in the definition of the c ore values and purposes (Wright and Kitay 271). The change can be defined as a change in core values and culture of the department. The new emphasis will be translated into desired new behavior. A central theme will be on positive and supportive atmosphere, mutual support and conflict management. Furthermore, as the organizational

Creative Writing (Introduction to Nursing and its fields of Practice.) Essay

Creative Writing (Introduction to Nursing and its fields of Practice.) - Essay Example What is clear however is hatred. None seems to care about each other anymore. So the war went on. So fierce and so long with all sides wanting to win it badly that all resources, both material and human were directed to the war effort. It had gone too long that once the rich countries of United States and Europe had become destitute and so are those in the Gulf Countries. Nobody seems to win the war but the very idea that the hatred of both sides is fed with destruction and maim, is already enough to justify the war effort. Everybody seems to be a soldier. Except for the nurses. They were not part of the destructive aspect of war for they are assigned to heal the wounded and the dying. They also find no reason to join in the war nor have the stomach for the killings which is reduced to barbarism. With all the despair, killing around them, the nurses just comforted themselves with their profession working diligently with the consolation that they are able to touch those who are under their care which is a big relief in a time when people no longer care about each other. It is because hate seems to become the norm and the air that people breathe. Hate became so thick one can almost touch it and anything beyond it such as love, compassion, care and humanity seemed to be consumed all by hate. Then there was Florence and her friend Nightingale. Probably the aberration in the present order of things. The two of them were the head nurses of two opposing forces in the world, the western part of the world now dubbed as Sodom and the eastern part of the world known as Gomorrah. Both Florence and Nightingale were friends when they were still in nursing school but were separated when the war broke out the very day after their graduation. Florence had to go back to her home country in the United States while Nightingale had to go back to the United Arab Emirates. Their regions who used to be friends suddenly became at war and they did

Racial & Sex Discrimination in the Medical Profession Essay

Racial & Sex Discrimination in the Medical Profession - Essay Example category within the social domain, then racism has all the rights to be a simple derivative originating from race as well as the resultant that arises from the experiences happening on a social front. The Webster’s New American Dictionary has defined racism as a distinctive belief that holds weight for different races having superiority in nature over each other. Thus to understand racism one needs to get deep down inside the very basics of this stigma in essence. It surely is a hot topic the world over and one which has caused quite a roar amongst the relevant circles. It has also made its due round of controversies every now and then and lingers on as a divide between the racially superior fraternities and the inferior lots. Similarly sex discrimination is a touchy topic, more so for the gentler gender. Sex discrimination, much like racial aspects has been the bane for so long now that the world has become sick of such topics emanating from all angles time and again. Governments do not directly take an active part in detailing their views to all about the racial differences that their charter has in accordance with the law of a particular country but they, every now and then, take certain significant steps, which help in curtailing racial discriminations from emanating in their respective societies. Their efforts in the field of health and providing basic first aid though are not that concrete at the best of times yet are overshadowed by a sudden outburst of racial fighting and hatred for each other which lead to the abandonment of any such proper healthcare that there was available in the first place. Racial and sex discrimination can give rise to domestic violence across towns; suburbs, cities and even on a national level whereby the whole country can get affected due to it. People get disturbed, as do their families and the whole religious/race group feels knocked out at the hands of the suppressing party. Racial discrimination leads to hatred within the

Case Study Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Case Study - Assignment Example Capital budgeting decisions fundamentally places strong emphasis on time value of money. In this regard, net present value method is very effective as it takes in consideration discounting of the inflow. The NPV of project Alpha was determined to be  £36,700 while that of project Beta was determined to be  £29,340. Both NPVs are positive but project Alpha has higher NPV, hence the firm should accept project Alpha. Accounting rate of return has been measured by establishing proportionate relationship between average accounting income and average investment for a specific period. The ARR of project Alpha was determined to be 29.39% while that of project Beta was determined to be 1.62%. The reason for low ARR in project Beta is significant investment in new purchases in the third year. Based on ARR, project alpha should be accepted. Additionally, payback period is least for project Alpha and based on the argument that a project with quicker returns should be accepted, project Alpha is better investment that Project Beta. Nonetheless, the overall assessment favours project Alpha over project Beta. Therefore, Project Alpha is a better investment (Froot and Stein, 1998). Capital budgeting decisions can be evaluated using discounted and non-discounted techniques: the discounted techniques comprise NPV and IRR method while non-discounted techniques include ARR and Payback period. NPV is referred to the difference between initial investment in a project and the discounted future net cash flows from the project. The NPV of a project ranges among positive, negative or breakeven (equivalent to zero). The first criterion for accepting a project is positive NPV as negative NPV indicates unfeasible project while zero indicates breakeven. The second criterion for accepting or rejecting a project is that an investment with highest NPV will be accepted. Discounting cash flows using a discounting factor, which

Managing Property Businesses Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Managing Property Businesses - Essay Example The stock market is always right and price is the only reality in trading. If you want to make money in any market, you need to mirror what the market is doing. If the market is going down and you are long, the market is right and you are wrong. If the stock market is going up and you are short, the market is right and you are wrong. Every market or stock that goes up will go down and most markets or stocks that have gone down, will go up. The more extreme the move up or down, the more extreme the movement in the opposite direction once the trend changes. This is also known as "the trend always changes rule." If you are looking for "reasons" that stocks or markets make large directional moves, you will probably never know for certain. Since we are dealing with perception of markets-not necessarily reality, you are wasting your time looking for the many reasons markets move. A huge mistake most investors make is assuming that stock markets are rational or that they are capable of ascertaining why markets do anything. To make a profit trading, it is only necessary to know that markets are moving - not why they are moving. Stock market winners only care about direction and duration, while market losers are obsessed with the whys. Stock markets generally move in advance of news or supportive fundamentals - sometimes months in advance. If you wait to invest until it is totally clear to you why a stock or a market is moving, you have to assume that others have done the same thing and you may be too late. You need to get positioned before the largest directional trend move takes place. The market reaction to good or bad news in a bull market will be positive more often than not. The market reaction to good or bad news in a bear market will be negative more often than not. The trend is your friend. Since the trend is the basis of all profit, we need long term trends to make sizeable money. The key is to know when to get aboard a trend and stick with it for a long period of time to maximize profits. Contrary to the short term perspective of most investors today, all the big money is made by catching large market moves - not by day trading or short term stock investing. You must let your profits run and cut your losses quickly if you are to have any chance of being successful. Trading discipline is not a sufficient condition to make money in the markets, but it is a necessary condition. If you do not practice highly disciplined trading, you will not make money over the long term. This is a stock trading "system" in itself. The Efficient Market Hypothesis is fallacious and is actually a derivative of the perfect competition model of capitalism. The Efficient Market Hypothesis at root shares many of the same false premises as the perfect competition paradigm as described by a well known economist. The perfect competition model is not based on anything that exists on this earth. Consistently profitable professional traders simply have better information - and they act on it. Most non-professionals trade strictly on emotion, and lose much more money than they earn. The combination of superior information for some investors

Soundtrack for a Revolution Essay Example for Free

Soundtrack for a Revolution Essay A look at American history shows a legacy of many prominent forms of civil disobedience, the one being reviewed in this paper being the Civil Rights Movement during the twentieth century. Individuals such as Martin Luther King Jr. and Rosa Parks were the figureheads that led to the attainment of the rights that African Americans were being stripped of. These astonishing and inspiring goals were met through their strenuous struggle, which included protests, rallies and other events surrounding the cause that finally led to African American citizens gaining their hard earned civil rights. Soundtrack for Revolution takes a look at the American civil rights movement, focusing on the role that music, spirituals and protest songs sang had on the pickets, sit-ins, and demonstrations of that turbulent era. Soundtrack of Revolution examines such pivotal moments such as the Montgomery bus boycott, the March on Washington, and the assassination of Dr. Martin Luther King. Through old footage and interviews, spirituals like Wade in the Water and We Shall Not Be Moved, and folk songs like Phil Ochs Heres to the State of Mississippi are each connected to specific aspects or moments of the movement. These songs had effects on change and continuity, culture and community, and finally on power and governance you can cage a singer but not song Harry Belafonte. Change and continuity is a classic debate that looks at how the world is shaped. This particular movie looks at the changes made in American society, specifically civil rights. The American people, especially African-Americans, faced many changes in the twentieth century. Challenges including gaining their civil rights, the Civil Rights Movement was where millions of African-Americans fought to get the rights they deserved, while at the same time retaining their common traditions. This movie examined pivotal moments such as the Montgomery Bus Boycott. The Montgomery Bus Boycott was a political and social protest campaign against the policy of racial segregation on the public transit system in Montgomery, Alabama. This campaign lasted from December 1, 1955, when Rosa Parks, an African American woman, was arrested for refusing to surrender her seat to a white person at the front of the bus, to December 20, 1956. This boycott led to a United States Supreme Court decision that declared the Alabama and Montgomery laws requiring segregated buses to be unconstitutional and unjust. This was a major win in the Civil rights movement and ultimately led the march on Washington. This victory along with their music brought them together we felt like it was going to be good trouble, it as necessary trouble. Congress man John Lewis, student movement leader said, it gave the African-American people a sense of hope and ignited the flame they needed. This quote is a clear representation of how they would do anything (non violent), even risking jail time, abuse and death to fight for their equality. Culture and Community are very closely related in the sense that people from the same culture or people that share common values will come together in united communities within areas as well as in large scale countries. This theme is evident in the movie Soundtrack for Revolution. The African-Americans were treated inhumanely and therefore they shared a common prejudice. This brought them together and ultimately led to them pushing for civil rights in the United States. There loyalty to the cause and their community is best seen during the various sit-ins they went through around Montgomery, Alabama. Sit-ins were a crucial part of the nonviolent strategy of civil disobedience and mass protests that eventually led to passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 which ended legally-sanctioned racial segregation in the United States as well as the passage of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 that struck down many racially-motivated barriers used to deny voting rights to non-whites. The sit-ins were done at strategic areas, they were usually done at higher end cafes, diners, and restaurants where they would cause a greater statement. The African-American people that participated in these sit-ins were harassed constantly and were treated disgustingly, constantly being spit on or attacked. The protestors would sing together and had an immensely powerful spirit that could not be broken through violence you can break my bones but you cannot break my spirit,(Lynda Lowery, Selma protestor). This quote directly links to how powerful their spirit was and it shows that they werent afraid to do what they had to, to win their freedom. The theme of Power and Governance is a major reoccurring theme in this documentary. Throughout the movie we see the struggle of power between the blacks and the whites, however their battles were for very different things. The whites fought to maintain their power. They were governed by themselves but also had the assistance of the Montgomery law enforcement as well as the State of Alabama, which was governed by George Wallace. The blacks on the other hand, had only themselves. They relied on their music and their charismatic leader Martin Luther King Jr to get them through these hard times. Martin Luther King Jr was an American clergyman, activist, and leader in the African-American Civil Rights Movement. Martin Luther King was best known for his role in the advancement of Civil Rights Movement using non-violent civil disobedience. He was a very brave man and ultimately payed the highest price for what he believed in. He was stabbed multiple times and was eventually assassinated. Martin Luther King Jr didnt fear death, he would do anything he could in his power to make the lives of millions better. The only way we can really achieve freedom; is to somehow conquer the fear of death, for if a man has not discovered something that he would die for, he isnt fit to live it, (Martin Luther King). This sense of loyalty to the cause inspired millions of African-Americans to do the same and together united by song they beat segregation, and were finally recognized as equals. In conclusion there have been many struggles in the world that have been overcome. The Civil Rights Movement was one of these amazing feats of man. In North America, for the most part, blacks, whites, Jews, and Arabs all live in harmony, we share schools, classrooms, playgrounds as well as morals. The movie Soundtrack for Revolution shows the story of the Civil Rights Movement and how songs, spirituals and protest songs held a group of courageous people together during their pickets, sit-ins, and non-violent demonstrations during a turbulent era. This was accomplished with the aid of Martin Luther King JR and on August 28, 1963 â€Å"The Great March on Washington took place, this was one of the largest political rallies for human rights in United States history and it called for civil and economic rights for African Americans. The themes of change and continuity, culture and community, and finally on power and governance are very evident in the movie as well as how song relates to them you can cage a singer but not song Harry Belafonte.

Health and Social Care Task

Health and Social Care Task Introduction: Understanding the specific needs in health and social care is very important in the context of society. A social care and service provider needs to understand the specific and diverse needs in health and social care in order to provide better service, treatment and care. It is also important to know what factors and systems actually meet and support the specific needs. In this assignment, I will first analyze the concepts of health, illness and disability. Then I will try to assess the needs in health and social care and find out how the perception has changed over time. The care requirements of a specific group will also be explored to show how organizations and services support. I will take a look into the impact of legislation, social policy and culture on the services. This will include me analyzing the needs of individuals with specific needs. I will also be evaluating the services and facilities available in the local area following a research with specifying a questionnaire. F inally I will have a look into the approaches and intervention strategies that support people with specific needs and strategies for coping with challenging behaviors related with specific needs. Task 1 Discussion on the change of the concept of disability and illness: According to The equality Act 2010, disability means having a physical or mental impairment that has a ‘substantial’ and ‘long-term’ harmful effect on your ability to do daily regular activity. There are various types of disabilities a person could have. It affects a person’s health condition. Health is a state of complete mental, physical and social well being. Health is related with the effectiveness of a human being in performing the regular daily activities or having access to the proper education, occupation or recreation. On the other hand ‘illness’ refers to the bad state or condition of the health. A person having illness is usually physically impaired and he becomes mostly dependant on others. Another relevant thing is ‘Behavioural issues’. It is the drastic change in the behaviour of people which takes a person to serious mental depression or mental disorder. These disorders include aggressiveness and dishevelled lo ok. With the passage of time the concept of disability and illness in relation to stroke victims has been changed over the few decades. People having disabilities often have specific needs from social care workers. People with learning disabilities are heterogeneous in terms of age group, the degree of disability and the related problems. In the past there were large hospitals established for the purpose of caring for people with special needs because of long physical or mental illness. Over time they became overcrowded hospitals and quality of care provided to them declined. The standard of service became very poor and as a result they were closed after some time. The professional staffs were then shifted to the specialist work communities that worked for the people with specific needs because of the learning disabilities. This helped the improvement of the effectiveness of the treatment and care provided to the people with specific needs. However, the widespread people with learning di sabilities have always been in the community and have had to compete with the common population for health care services. These all had changed the perception of the specific needs over the time being. Analysis of the political, economic, psychological Social and legal framework: The group of service users is cared for in several frameworks. These frameworks include political, economic, psychological Social and legal factors. The current legislations comprise: Care Trust: it is thought as the closets model for a complete union of social and health care in England. Health Act 1999 which includes the three flexible powers for the social and health care services providers: to pool their budgets, to create the combination of service providers and to improve the top commission arrangements. Personal Health Budgets: it is usually for the adults. Financially poor people can get advantage of having service here. Children’s Trust: It gives emphasis on measuring the common framework for children, sharing information and working with youth and children. These initiatives take the health and social care to new heights. For the good health and wellbeing the government is actively looking through it and trying to make the best policy for the future Society. Social policy and culture also affects people with special needs. The social corporation plays an important role in the behaviour and the general health of the person. When people are excluded from society due to their illness or disability, it may take to severe depression and worsen the health condition. People with specific needs have the legal rights to take proper care and services in the society. There are some cultural factors which lead to discrimination in people in the society. So these social, cultural, legal frameworks do have a great impact on the individual’s specific needs and the services they are getting. Task 2 (A) Support system and facilities for the young people with Schizophrenia following a research: Schizophrenia is a kind of mental disorder. A person having this kind of disorder faces problem with his behavior or mental issues. As a part of society, young people with Schizophrenia in a society must have proper facilities and support system to help him lead normal life. To conduct a research in our local area about the facilities for young people with Schizophrenia, I needed to make a questionnaire. The questionnaire includes the following questions: Your name Your age Your present address Your perception about Schizophrenia. What problems do you face with your disorder? Are there any facilities or support systems in your locality for your disorder? How many and what types of facilities are there for your support? Did you avail the facilities? How was the facilities provided to you? Did the service provided to you help? Is the number of facilities available enough for the locality? While conducting the research on 30 young people with Schizophrenia, I have found that there are a number of facilities and systems to support them and they are quite satisfied with the service and facilities they are getting. These facilities include Community mental health teams: providesregular support and treatment and ensures to live with much independence as possible. Psychological treatment: there are a number of psychological treatments available for them. People with mental disorder can have treatment from the psychologists. Meditations: meditation is another way of treatment of Schizophrenia. Young people can have the facility for treatment. Community Engagement: engaging with communities also helps as a treatment of Schizophrenia. Young people with Schizophrenia can also avail the facility from their locality. These facilities cater to the people seeking treatment with their specific needs. But according to the needs of individual, the adoption of facility may vary. (B) Analysis on the local services for the users within Care Value Based framework: There are several local services available for the people with specific needs. The type of services patients are getting from their locality may vary according to his specific needs. For example low social economic status is a serious mental disorder and so it needs certain treatment. Racial discrimination leads to more serious concerns, which are related to mental disorders. Among all the low socio economic status has the biggest effect as it limits access the health care and low education. The low socio economic status is very complex characteristic and includes the quality of health along with education and income. These inequalities are not fair and kind of unnecessary as these have taken some people to longer illness and disorder. People having such kind of disability need to be consulted with proper service and care. There are different professionals that help in providing the service to the people with these needs. Some of them are: NHS Centre: They provide quick access. There are 66 centers in England for almost any convenient location. They provide advice and information on the phone. They offer tips on self-care on health issues. General Practitioners: They play an important role in providing health care. They are usually the first point of contact for people. Every person has the right to join them in the UK Primary care trust: they responsible for providing primary health care. They work to reduce local health inequalities. Besides these there are other arrangements for the treatment of the people with specific disability. These services has quite changes within the last 20 years and along with the related legislations introduced. These services are quite available in local areas. Anyone seeking to get service and care locally can avail from here. Task 3 Assessment on the significance of new government initiatives: There is great significance of new government. initiatives. These initiatives help to foster autonomy and promote empowerment of young vulnerable adults. There are several approaches and interventions to support people with specific needs. Some of the approaches are described below: Self – help – This includes the self approach towards improvisation of the condition. Evidence-based practice – This encompasses the services and care that constantly focuses the effectiveness of the people Advocacy – It comprises a whole range of methods and approaches used to change those practices and policies, attitudes and behaviors that work as impediments to the improvement and discrimination against disabled.. Autonomy and empowerment This includes making the opportunities measurable for the people with disability. This reveals the social responsibility of the society towards the disabled. Medications and required therapies: it can also be used as an approach. There are several interventions that can be followed. They are: Physical interventions – it comprises the suitable exercise and therapies for the joint movements. It helps individual in restoring the lost functions and assists in maintaining the physical status. Psychological interventions –It helps individual in lifting up the morale and building the positive attitude in his life. This therapy helps in removing depression, suicidal affinity, anxiety and assists in personality changes. Educational interventions – this is an important intervention as it requires the specific and pertinent health information by the people. This information is given by the proper connection between the individuals and health care provider. Vocational interventions – it includes promoting the vocational training that go with the level of disability. This helps to outfit suitable working and earn a livelihood for an independent life. The intervention strategies and approaches are important for the people with certain disabilities. This actually aids them in many ways to develop their present conditions. The physical intervention is beneficial for reinstating the physical strength. It comprises the suitable exercise and therapies for the joint movements. These acts and functions works for an individual with disability to regain his normal life. Among the interventions, psychological intervention is most vital as it aids an individual in lifting up his morale and creating positive attitude towards life which is very important to lead normal life. Besides, vocational and educational interventions help an individual with specific needs to become self-dependant and lead independent life. It also provides them current health information and proper knowledge which is very essential for them. In a word, these strategies and interventions help people with specific needs to lead a normal life. Discussion on how to consider on-going government developments that will transform services to young vulnerable adults: The on-going developments include technological and medical advancement. There comes certain variation in the policies and legislations from national and international view point. The potential impact of on-going developments comprises the following: Rights versus protection of others and self Risk versus autonomy and independence Remedial therapy versus alleviation of needs Preferences and choices Policies and service dilemmas The on-going government development must have some certain strategies to transform the services to the young vulnerable adults. There should be availability of information about the risk evaluation and organization in adult social care. This will help become stable the vulnerable adult’s health. There are some external agencies that operate the scheme to assist the vulnerable adult and encourage the health and well being in the society. They try to encourage and maintain the proper environment with healthy care partnership. The strategies and approaches for the health and social care suppliers are very much realizable. The plan should be integrated with the patient and well communicated with them so that the best outcome can be got. There should be an integrated approach for providing superior service and proper care to the patients and organisations should work together and closely each other. That is how the services will be transformed to the young vulnerable adults over the next 10 years. Task 4 The role of concepts to explain complex behavior relating to specific needs: There are different concepts of challenging behaviour related with specific needs. An individual with challenging behaviour have the bad temperament, lack of cooperation, self harming intention, and he shows his anger on others. This occurs to him because of his physical impairment, learning disabilities, physical or mental ill health, certain brain injury etc. In the context of society, the challenging behaviour is thought as the unacceptable or the obnoxious behaviour which includes: Physical abuses like assault or personal attack oral abuse like bullying and racist or bad comments Self harming behaviour harsh behaviour for others illegitimate behaviour Negative behaviour towards environment and surroundings etc. There are several factors that influence the challenging behaviour. Some of them are: Perceptions and expectations Anxiety, fear, dependency, temperament etc Frustration or depression Physical Disability sick health Sexuality exhaustion Pain Drugs and alcohol Sleep interruption Social factors like relationship, culture, and ethnicity etc The treatment for these complex behaviours is available according to specific needs. Factors to be considered for managing challenging behavior of young people with learning disabilities: There are several factors that have to be considered to manage the challenging behavior with learning disability. But first of all we need to know the impact of suffering from challenging behaviour. Some of them are: They do not lead a normal life They generally lead isolated life and don’t have the contact with the friends and family or neighbors. They face the complexity in communicating with others They have the reminiscence problem They get addicted to drugs and alcohol They require more emotional and financial support They are more likely to abuse because of the mental illness. Besides, they are greatly dependent on others. They should be provided proper care with their specific needs. The following are the most significant risk factors of challenging behavior: Caregiver’s failure to adjust with them and deal with the stress. Less support from the caregivers Depression among the caregivers Substance abuse Social separation Patient with the history of conjugal violence Physical and verbal aggression etc. These factors should be considered with proper care for managing challenging behavior of young people with learning disabilities. Analysis on methods or strategies that could be applied to improve the situation of a vulnerable adult: To improve the condition of vulnerable adults, there are certain methods and strategies that could be followed. But to adopt a strategy appropriate training should be provided to handle the vulnerable groups. They must respect the rights of the patients and make sure that their behaviour must not hurt them or their emotions. Every patient should be treated respectfully. There are some certain standards and codes in providing service and care to the patients. Service providers must comply with the codes and standards in giving the services and cares to the patients. Vulnerable adults are a part of society. So they have the right to have better services and proper care and lead a normal life. To assist him lead a normal life, health and social care organizations should follow some certain methods and strategies to provide quality service and care and improve their condition. The codes and policies are useful when the practices work in a prescribed manner. The vulnerable groups are dependent on the social workers. So they have to work according to the policies and procedures. These initiatives bring the health and social care to new level allowing access to all people for good health and social care. With the passage of time the health and social care working are getting more comprehensive and more refined in the form of services and care provided to the patients.The government must actively look through these and should try to make better policies and procedures in future. Conclusions: Lastly we can conclude that, understanding the specific needs in Health and Social care is very crucial in terms of providing health and social care services to the patients in the context of society. To understand the specific needs, one needs to firstly know the concept of Health, illness, disability etc. These terms has changed over the past couple of decades. Social, cultural and legal frameworks have some impact on the individual’s specific needs and the services they are getting from the social and health care service providers. There are several facilities available for the people having disability but their type’s treatment may vary according to their specific needs. Government take several initiatives for them to help to foster autonomy and promote empowerment of young vulnerable adults. Integrated plans with patients and on-going governmental developments will transform services to the vulnerable adults easily. People with complex behaviors need to understand to cope with giving service to them. There are some certain factors that need to be considered for managing challenging behaviors of young people with learning disability. And finally to improve the situation of a vulnerable adult and help him lead a normal life, some certain methods and strategies can be followed.