Am I Too Old to Learn Spanish - Tips for the Young at Heart

Someone has said that the maximum optimum age range for easily learning a foreign language is 12 to 14.  I started studying Spanish was I was 14 and went on to take some college courses, mostly in literature.  By the time I got to my junior year in college, I knew a lot about the language and literature but still had problems speaking and understanding it when spoken.  Fortunately, I met two Latinos who were not there to study English, and because of other common interests we became friends.  In a month or so I was understanding practically everything and speaking with facility, although not without errors. I am now retired and somewhat older than you and spend most of my time studying one thing or another, including piano and French.  I admit another language doesnt come quite so easily at my age, but it comes. I recommend you just plunge ahead as long as your interest will sustain you.  Find some good books in Spanish and have a go at them.  Read Spanish newspapers, watch Spanish TV, and if you have the time, take a Berlitz or similar course a couple nights a week.  Of course, if you can find a Spanish-speaking friend, all the better.  And don’t worry about your age.

Ethical issues of BP Essay - 852 Words

BP has had a long history of ethical and legal violations because BP chose to put profits above all else. In the past twenty years, BP subsidiaries were convicted of environmental crimes in Texas and Alaska. In addition, BP received the biggest fine in US history regarding safety violations. Although BP accepted responsibility, their record showed questionable and illegal behavior for twenty years. One of BPs major issues happened in a Texas refinery close to Galveston in 2005 (Jennings, 2009). This explosion took the lives of fifteen workers and injured five hundred people and caused residents nearby to become sheltered in their homes (Jennings, 2009). The US Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation board concluded that BP had†¦show more content†¦BP knew in advance, the life span of the pipes. These pipes were installed in 1977 and had a twenty five year expiration (Jennings, 2009). BP decided not to replace the pipes. The explosion occured in 2006 because the corr osion in the pipes had exceeded their expiration date by five years. In addition, BP was convicted of a felony due to their violation of the Clean Air Act. The judge fined BP $50 million and put them on probation for three years. OSHA fined BP the largest fine in OSHAs history, $87 million due to two hundred seventy safety violations that they never fixed along with four hundred thirty nine new violations. Previously, twenty years preceding, BP partnered with Exxon in Alaskas Prudoe Bay oilfield when the Exxon Valdez oil spill occured. BP and Exxon shared the trans-Atlantic pipeline ownership which is referred to as Alyeska. Some important documents had been leaked to Congress and the news media, which stated Alyeska did not fulfill promises to contain spills. Chuck Hamel was the chief suspect in the leakage of the documents. Hamel had also complained to management at BP about corrosion of the pipes and concerns about the workers safety (Jennings, 2009, p 409). Hamel stated that ...workers were asked to skimp on the use of anticorrosion chemical s in the pipe because of expense. (Jennings, 2009, p 409). Hamel then proceeded to take his complaintsShow MoreRelatedBp Ethical Issues1630 Words   |  7 Pages1. Originally, an Ethics and Compliance team was formed to monitor the formation and operation of the company guidance towards ethical issues in BP’s company.  Just like to set up a communication consistent standard for all the employees of BP for different location, culture and language.  Originally, this is a good way to guide the company staff to maintain company standard and reputation. But the code did not effectively address specific high-risk activities for the scope of daily operations.  ItRead MoreThe Ethical Issues Of Bp3305 Words   |  14 PagesIntroduction BP, formerly known as British Petroleum, is the third largest oil and gas producer in the world, producing almost 3.8 million barrels per day. BP was founded in 1908 by William Knox D’Arcy in London, United Kingdom. The company operates worldwide in several sectors of the oil and gas industry such as generating low carbon energy, moving oil and gas, and off and onshore oil and gas extraction (BP, 2014). However, the offshore Deepwater Horizon oil spill that happened on April 20th, 2010Read MoreEthical Issues Raised By Bp1237 Words   |  5 Pagesfor human being. However, oil industry brings about many ethical issues such as safety and environmental impact. In this ethics report, we will study one of the world’s leading international oil company – BP, who operates in nearly 80 countries . We will particularly discuss ethical issues raised by BP in oil industry in the United States (US) between 2002 and 2006. The three ethical issues which are going to be discusse d are (1) safety issue in workplace depicted by the Texas City explosion in 2005Read MoreEthical Issues Surrounding the Bp Oil Spill1236 Words   |  5 PagesEthical Issues surrounding the BP Oil Spill By: Angela Higgins December 16, 2010 The BP Oil Spill which happened on April 20, 2010, was the largest offshore oil spill in U.S. history releasing approximately 185 million gallons of crude oil into the gulf. This event was the result of a wellhead on the Deepwater Horizon oil drilling platform blowing out in the Gulf of Mexico approximately 40 miles southeast offs the Louisiana coastline. Eleven men working on the oil rig platform were killedRead MoreCross Cultural Perspectives1127 Words   |  5 PagesPerspectives ETH 316 BP is a global organization that has a multinational presence in the world. 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Their success can be attributed to their innovative prowess and their ability to stay one step ahead of their competitors, by investing in places no one has before. The common perception of BP by the general public over the past decade has been quite positive, with people aligning environmental values’ with their new brand positioning. All of this changed after BP was blamed for one of theRead MoreWhy Law And Ethics Should Be Legal1501 Words   |  7 PagesPeople that work with laws every day know that it isn’t an exact science. The reason is not that it has a lot of issues or that it is always affected by politics, instead the main reason is the human factor. People end up changing their minds and everyone one makes mistakes at some point. For example, in legal situations the information that is collected could be incorrect or made up. That is the main reason why law and ethics go side by side. Most people want to make the correct decision wheneverRead MoreThe Hurricane Katrina Disaster And The Bp Oil Spill Tragedy941 Words   |  4 PagesAbstract This essay relates ethical behavior in high-profile events, as well as examining various regulatory and sustainability market approaches to business environmental responsibilities. The paper focuses on two major occurrences; the Hurricane Katrina disaster and the BP oil spill tragedy. Hurricane Katrina entered into records as one of the worst disasters ever to hit the US, the storm is considered as the most disastrous and damaging in the US history in

Does Media Violence Effect Society Essay Research free essay sample

Does Media Violence Effect Society Essay, Research Paper Media is doubtless the greatest medium of communicating in our society, but how does media? s portraiture of force affect us as a whole? Is music? s explicit wordss and telecastings raunchy and violent content the cause of our ruin, or is it simply an accurate word picture of today? s society? ? Two immature males were fatally shot with multiple gun lesions to the caput and thorax? , how many times have we all heard these words on the flushing intelligence? Although the intelligence is a media to educate us on the departures on in the universe, much of America chooses non to see these day-to-day plans due to the fact that most of it concentrates on force. Though, force is non merely limited the local intelligence which simply exposes us to what really takes topographic point, but what about the many violent telecasting plans that frequent our airwaves. We will write a custom essay sample on Does Media Violence Effect Society Essay Research or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page With the eruption of professional wrestle, our kids now view crushing each other up, interrupting chairs, choke keeping and the assorted other violent catchs used by these grapplers as an exciting norm. ? Hasta La Vista Baby? , the celebrated words of Arnold Schwarzenegger every bit he as he literally annihilates a mall full of shoppers. These are the types of ghastly Acts of the Apostless that motion-picture fans pay 1000000s of dollars a twelvemonth to see. Make the R evaluations attract us? Is it the Gore that we view on the Television prevue? Or, is it the outlook that society has cultivated towards force? The more ghastly the film, the more likely we are to run out to see it on opening dark. Our society is such that we tend to set on a pedestal the histrions and actresses that use profanity, expose themselves and are more violent on the Ag screen. Ultimately sex and force sells, and in this society the all-powerful dollar is of extreme importance. Parents can non halt kids from witnessing the rough worlds of society, force, sex and offense. However, it is their function as parents to implement a strong sense of morality. What a barbarous universe we live in when even the sketchs viewed by our young person are plagued with slaying and force. How can we contend the inhuman treatments portrayed on Television and in the films, when it has become a true portion of our society? Peoples are non born with the awkward ability to cognize right from incorrect. A broad assortment of factors determine a individual? s moral. Religion, civilization, environment and society all play of import functions in how a individual will develop. Though finally, it is the household and the parents in peculiar, that instills the moral fibre of an person. However, in this society we have witnessed many incidents where although a individual may hold the? proper upbringing? , the negative effects of Television and media, has manifest itself into force, condemnable behaviour and other unacceptable behavior. Although every bit stated antecedently, violent films and Television shows produce high evaluations, extremely paid histrions, and a forum for us to get away the so called? worlds of life? , but what are the long term effects? Can it be that after many old ages of bring forthing and sing force, we are cultivating a society of condemnable minded persons? If we could compare the manner that society was prior to telecasting, would we be able to see a difference in societal behaviour? Can we so venture to state that although engineering has been a positive property, to what extent has it affected society negatively? Nevertheless, telecasting and media quenches our societies thirst for escapade and danger and allows us to witness firsthand the force that is among us. But the inquiry is? H ow far is excessively far? . Media is doubtless the greatest medium of communicating in our society, but how does media? s portraiture of force affect us as a whole? Is music? s explicit wordss and telecastings raunchy and violent content the cause of our ruin, or is it simply an accurate word picture of today? s society? ? Two immature males were fatally shot with multiple gun lesions to the caput and thorax? , how many times have we all heard these words on the flushing intelligence? Although the intelligence is a media to educate us on the departures on in the universe, much of America chooses non to see these day-to-day plans due to the fact that most of it concentrates on force. Though, force is non merely limited the local intelligence which simply exposes us to what really takes topographic point, but what about the many violent telecasting plans that frequent our airwaves. With the eruption of professional wrestle, our kids now view crushing each other up, interrupting chairs, choke keeping and the assorted other violent catchs used by these grapplers as an exciting norm. ? Hasta La Vista Baby? , the celebrated words of Arnold Schwarzenegger every bit he as he literally annihilates a mall full of shoppers. These are the types of ghastly Acts of the Apostless that motion-picture fans pay 1000000s of dollars a twelvemonth to see. Make the R evaluations attract us? Is it the Gore that we view on the Television prevue? Or, is it the outlook that society has cultivated towards force? The more ghastly the film, the more likely we are to run out to see it on opening dark. Our society is such that we tend to set on a pedestal the histrions and actresses that use profanity, expose themselves and are more violent on the Ag screen. Ultimately sex and force sells, and in this society the all-powerful dollar is of extreme importance. Parents can non halt kids from witnessing the rough worlds of society, force, sex and offense. However, it is their function as parents to implement a strong sense of morality. What a barbarous universe we live in when even the sketchs viewed by our young person are plagued with slaying and force. How can we contend the inhuman treatments portrayed on Television and in the films, when it has become a true portion of our society? Peoples are non born with the awkward ability to cognize right from incorrect. A broad assortment of factors determine a individual? s moral. Religion, civilization, environment and society all play of import functions in how a individual will develop. Though finally, it is the household and the parents in peculiar, that instills the moral fibre of an person. However, in this society we have witnessed many incidents where although a individual may hold the? proper upbringing? , the negative effects of Television and media, has manifest itself into force, condemnable behaviour and other unacceptable behavior. Although every bit stated antecedently, violent films and Television shows produce high evaluations, extremely paid histrions, and a forum for us to get away the so called? worlds of life? , but what are the long term effects? Can it be that after many old ages of bring forthing and sing force, we are cultivating a society of condemnable minded persons? If we could compare the manner that society was prior to telecasting, would we be able to see a difference in societal behaviour? Can we so venture to state that although engineering has been a positive property, to what extent has it affected society negatively? Nevertheless, telecasting and media quenches our societies thirst for escapade and danger and allows us to witness firsthand the force that is among us. But the inquiry is? how far is excessively far? . 34b

The mass media Essay Example For Students

The mass media Essay The very fact that advertising is such big business suggests that it must influence public opinion in some way and if advertising can have this effect then it seems unrealistic to assume that all aspects of media content do not have an effect upon their audience. For functionalists, the relationship between ownership and control of the media centres on the importance of there being a range of views on offer through newspapers, magazines, television and so forth. In this respect, social stability is considered to be best preserved by there being a reasonably wide range of different media from which people can choose. We will write a custom essay on The mass media specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Specifically, ownership and control is seen as being separated. The function of owners (individuals or multiple shareholders) is an economic one, whilst the function of management (the controllers of media output) is one of ensuring the content of the media appeals to as wide a range of people as possible. Thus, highly popular publications (for example, daily newspapers selling millions of copies) sit alongside more-specialist publications (those that cater for minority tastes). Ultimately, in a democratic society the consumer will determine the success or failure of an enterprise; the content of the media, in this respect, is seen to be largely consumer-driven. If people do not like what is being offered they can refuse to buy a publication or they can seek-out publications that do offer them what they require. Since the media are an economic enterprise dealing with cultural values there is invariably a tension between making profits (where the medium is privately owned) and highlighting moral issues. The fact that newspapers, for example, may risk alienating some parts of their readership by supporting unpopular cultural issues is evidence of the multi-functional role of the media. Given the emphasis upon the cultural role of the media it is hardly surprising, for functionalists, that the most popular forms of media should be broadly conservative and supportive of the status quo, since this is one of their main functions. There are a number problems that can be identified with functionalist perspectives on the media. Firstly, in methodological terms, when functionalists talk about social consensus they tend to ignore the idea that such a consensus may be more apparent than real. That is, they tend to discount the idea that consensus, where it exists, may be the result of the imposition of a particular ideological framework. In simple terms, marxists tend to criticise functionalist perspectives on the basis that ruling classes are able to impose a dominant ideology upon the rest of society. The role of the media in promoting common values can be seen as promoting the values of one particular class, rather than the values of society as a whole. The idea that the consumer of the media is the ultimate judge of success or failure tends to ignore the idea that people are encouraged to want what the media offers (rather than the media being encouraged to offer what the public wants). This is particularly evident in relation to the interpretation of just who the consumer of the media actually is many sociologists have argued that advertisers are the real consumers of the media. The media provides a diet of programming that will deliver-up to advertisers the size and audience composition they require. The media do not reflect equally all points-of-view in society. Some views are marginalised and downgraded because of the political perspective of newspaper owners, broadcasters etc. For instrumental marxists, the role of the mass media in capitalist society is that of ensuring that the views and interests of a ruling class are presented to the rest of the population in such a way as to ensure that people accept as normal and right the inequalities inherent in capitalist societies. The main function of the mass media, therefore, is one of social control (the attempt to control the behaviour of other classes in society). .ue62410dd9e4093384840a38d3cf8f10b , .ue62410dd9e4093384840a38d3cf8f10b .postImageUrl , .ue62410dd9e4093384840a38d3cf8f10b .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ue62410dd9e4093384840a38d3cf8f10b , .ue62410dd9e4093384840a38d3cf8f10b:hover , .ue62410dd9e4093384840a38d3cf8f10b:visited , .ue62410dd9e4093384840a38d3cf8f10b:active { border:0!important; } .ue62410dd9e4093384840a38d3cf8f10b .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ue62410dd9e4093384840a38d3cf8f10b { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ue62410dd9e4093384840a38d3cf8f10b:active , .ue62410dd9e4093384840a38d3cf8f10b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ue62410dd9e4093384840a38d3cf8f10b .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ue62410dd9e4093384840a38d3cf8f10b .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ue62410dd9e4093384840a38d3cf8f10b .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ue62410dd9e4093384840a38d3cf8f10b .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue62410dd9e4093384840a38d3cf8f10b:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ue62410dd9e4093384840a38d3cf8f10b .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ue62410dd9e4093384840a38d3cf8f10b .ue62410dd9e4093384840a38d3cf8f10b-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ue62410dd9e4093384840a38d3cf8f10b:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: 1960 establishment EssayThis is achieved through such means as: Denying access to competing views about the nature of the social world. Presenting a picture of social life that is invariably favourable to the interests of a ruling class.   Directly influencing the way in which other classes receive information about the social world. In relation to the above, therefore, it can be noted that the content of the mass media is inevitably biased (both directly through privately owned media such as newspapers, television channels and so forth and indirectly through publicly owned media such as television). From this perspective the relationship between ownership and control of the mass media is relatively clear and straightforward. Owners have ultimate control over the nature of an organisation, although in modern capitalist societies they tend to employ a wide range of managers to deal with the day-to-day control and operation of the organisation. However, managers can be employees like any other employee (they can be hired and fired etc) or part owners of an organisation (through share options and the like). It is clear that those who manage an enterprise only control its operation in the sense that they oversee its operation. Ultimate control resides with the owners of an enterprise. For example, the editor of the Sun newspaper may have control over such things as the stories that go into the newspaper each day, the hiring and firing of employees and so forth. The owner of the Sun ultimately controls such things as the political stance of the paper, the type of audience it is aiming to reach and so forth.

Explain what you believe is Orwells opinion of communism. essays

Explain what you believe is Orwells opinion of communism. essays The novel Animal Farm, written by George Orwell, is a satire of the Russian revolution and is written as a fable. Orwell uses real characters and events of the revolution to base the story and its characters on. The novel portrays Orwells opinion of communism through the actions and events that take place on a farm and their consequences. He also illustrates how easily capitalism can fall apart. He shows that neither capitalism nor communism can ever work for everyone and some people will always suffer. Orwell illustrates how, because communism can never work, Stalin came to power. He shows that people will always be naturally greedy and take advantage of positions of power. Animal farm is written with symbols to represent to various groups and individuals who played a part in the Russian revolution. This makes it easy to understand for all ages, though is still sophisticated enough to keep all ages interested. The first chapters of Animal Farm are intended to show Orwells opinion on capitalism. It is hinted that Manor Farm was once very well run and all animals had been treated decently by Mr Jones. In recent years the farm has fallen upon harder times and many of the crops are failing. The first to suffer the consequences are the animals. This is a direct representation of the great depression of the 1930s. Orwell makes his feelings on the Czar, represented in the book by man, very clear through Old Majors speech; Man is the only creature that consumes without producing. He does not give milk, he does not lay eggs, he is too weak to pull the plough, he cannot run fast enough to catch rabbits. Yet he is lord of all the animals. He sets them to work, he gives back to them the bare minimum that will prevent them from starving and the rest he keeps for himself. In Animal Farm Jones has taken up quite heavy drinking and no longer seems to really care for the farm. This shows Orwel...

Report analysis and design solutions for integration of enterprises information systems The WritePass Journal

Report analysis and design solutions for integration of enterprises information systems Introduction Report analysis and design solutions for integration of enterprises information systems Introduction1: A Description of the Business Case1.1: Background of Business Case1.2: Issues Objectives in Business Case2: Brief Review on Relevant Concepts Approaches, Academic Interests Practical Cases3: Analysis of the Issues in the Case to Identify Suitable Approaches for Extended Enterprise Integration 3.1: Illustration of Key Information Flows in the Extended Enterprise Which Includes the Supply Chain Partners3.2: Critical Analysis of the Suitability of SAP as an ERP Tool 4: Design of Solutions to the Identified Issues with Selected Enterprise Integration Approaches5: Discussion and Conclusion   References Related Introduction This report analyses and design solutions for integration of enterprises information systems based on the business case. In addition, it develops the key functions as a part of the enterprise system for the given business case by SAP. This report through the information of case and relevant concepts and approaches, academic interests and practical cases to analyse the issues and the suitable approaches for extended enterprise integration. Next, it explains the system functionalities and necessary illustration to design of solutions to the identified issues with selected enterprise integration approaches. Finally, there is a discussion and conclusion on implementation issues, achievement and limitations of the solutions. 1: A Description of the Business Case 1.1: Background of Business Case This company is a medium sized manufacturer which supplies car control panels with frames over 2000 different products for five car manufacturers. Based on different models of frames, the company produces various types of car control panels for five contracted car manufacturers. In order to improve the satisfaction of customer and quickly respond to fluctuations in demand for customer, the company aims a relatively lean manufacturer and reduce the delivery lead-time. In product of the company, it assembles these control panels, inside components and the frames as customers’ required. In addition, it also simply purchases all the parts from a part of suppliers including overseas suppliers. There are six bought-in components which include vents, frame, glove box, meter/gauges, steering and heater air conditioning control. Besides, in order to safeguard its supply chain, the company may purchase from more than one supplier. In business model of this company, it through EDI to receive orders from each customer once a week and then it will input the orders into a sales management system automatically.   It needs to check its stock when the sales order confirmed by account manager. If there is enough stock, the order will be produced directly. If not, the company is necessary to place a purchase order for the required components to complete the sales order. Next, the company receives the ordered components on a daily basis. When the components arrived, the components will be scanned into a stock management system by the duty purchasing manager. What’s more, it will update the stock record information of component. During the production processing, the production manager will check customer orders first and create a schedule for the assembly line to produce for the orders. There is a spreadsheet; the schedules are recorded in it and to calculate stock values. The process is the same at the end of a ssembly and then the stock level will be updated accordingly. Finally, it will package and ship the finished products to the customers. In general, the company provides the lead-time for domestic customers is four-week and the lead-time for overseas customers is six-week. 1.2: Issues Objectives in Business Case According to the case, there are three main issues. Firstly, it is a long consuming lead time for order processing, production scheduling, stock controlling and purchasing. Secondly, it is high possibility to make a mistake and low effective of update the current system. Finally, the company system is not efficient.   Due to the current system is only updated on a weekly basis, it is not always accurate. As enterprise information system, the current company system is frequently delaying the processing information which could slow response to changes and increase of stocks and order lead-time. Therefore, the objectives of this company are shown as follows, to reduce the lead-time and stock level, have an assembly planning to improve the effect of production, more effective coordination of components supply and to be an efficient production company. 2: Brief Review on Relevant Concepts Approaches, Academic Interests Practical Cases With development of trade globalises, it increases competition and standardisation; strengthen the relationship of strategic partnering; more outsourcing and rises project complexity. Therefore, business and enterprise trends to become e-business and extended enterprise integration gradually. J Gunn (2004) analysed that extended enterprise integration or enterprise integration using American terminology has long been foreseen as the solution to a wide range of problems, enabling companies to reduce time to market, to improve quality, to increase supply chain efficiency and even to understand customers better.   In extended enterprises, integrated framework enables sharing of information, services and applications beyond organizational boundary with suppliers and customers. In addition, computer network of internet-enabled system infrastructure acting as a networked service environment for supply chain management. In summary, there are three core meaning of extended enterprises; inf ormation integration, organizational relationship linkage and coordination and resource sharing. This part of project report shows a brief review on relevant concepts and approaches, academic interests and practical cases. In e-business and extended enterprise context, the brief review is related to enterprise system selection and implementation issues and integrations approaches. Firstly, it is a brief review on relevant concepts and approaches, academic interests for enterprise system selection and implementation issues. Laudon, K.C. (2000) mentioned that ERP- enterprise resources planning is a business management system. It integrates all facts of the business, including planning, manufacturing, sales and finance. That is the reason why ERP could become more effective coordinated by sharing information. In order to the target of integrating information, it through eliminating complex links between computer systems and different areas of the business by ERP software and business automate processes.   As small and medium enterprises (SMEs), there are six critical selection factors (Reuther, D. Chattopadhyay, G., 2004), including system functionality requirements; business drivers; cost drivers; flexibility; scalability and others. The factor of system functionality requirements is the highest critical selection criteria Bemroider, E. Koch, S. (2000) oberv ed that the system functionality requirements factor supports the findings of specialty and simplicity required for small or medium enterprise. Business drivers focus on the financial benefit to the company of the selected system. The detail of cost drivers is direct cost of the implementation in terms of outlay and resources. Both factors of flexibility and scalability are significant levels of criticality. What’s more, the response to the flexibility is important as the current wisdom is to match the future (Brown, C., Vessey, I., Powell, A., 2000). Furthermore, the factor of others means specific factors critical to the target business. Bingi, P., Sharma, M.K., Godla, J.K. (1999) stated that Implementation issues in general have been long explored. However, the complexity of ERP makes it challenging to implement.   ERP systems have been widely used by companies in developed countries. Organizations in manufacturing, service and energy industries adopt ERP to automate the deployment and management of material, finance and human resources; streamline processes and achieve process improvement and achieve global competitiveness (Koh, C., et al, 2000). In addition, there are some important factors affect the implementation of ERP; including economy and economic growth; infrastructure; IT maturity; computer culture; business size; BPR (Business Process Re-engineering) experience; manufacturing strengths; government regulations; management commitment and regional environment (Huang, Z Palvia, P., 2001). Next, it is a brief review on relevant concepts and approaches, academic interests for integration approaches. Parr, A.N. Shanks, G. A. (2000) indicated that ERP implementation approaches have been categorized as comprehensive, vanilla and middle-road. Comprehensive favoured by multinational companies and involving a total effort to implement all modules of the ERP package with business proves reengineering. Vanilla means an approach favoured by less ambitious companies desiring less business process reengineering and requiring ERP functionalities in only one site. The third approach middle-road is an approach that falls between the other two extremes. In figure 1, it shows the evolution of enterprise integration approaches as follow. Figure 1: Evolution of Integration Approaches According to the figure 1, data transport is the plinth of enterprise integration. Both data transport and data integration are the basal enterprise integration. With higher business value of integration and complexity of integration, the enterprise integrations are application integration, process integration, collaboration and ubiquitous integration one by one. As a type of enterprise integration, process integration is to create new process and services to support the actual business needs; ubiquitous integration is anytime, anywhere and through any standard means. Ubiquitous integration is the top enterprise integration approach, which is the highest business value of integration and complexity of integration in figure 1. Based on the resources of e-business enterprise (2011), there are four enterprise system integration approaches, including network/portal oriented integration, business process oriented integration, application oriented integration and data oriented integration. Firstly, data-oriented integration is a general and basal approach. It targets the purpose of transfer, transform, synchronize, mediate-connect and harmonize. Besides, the handouts of enterprise integration of e-business enterprise (2011) explain that data-oriented integration is a set of technologies that exchange and synchronizing data with transformed format between different applications within and between organizations. Thus the technical components are data connectivity, transformation, communications middleware. Secondly, application oriented integration (API) is an approach which uses a common interface to integrate enterprise systems by information between applications cross an organisation or cross a network. It is difference from data oriented integration. The data oriented integration interface is created by database. Instead of database, the integration interface of application is created by application. In addition, the application oriented integration allows access data and business logics and application methods; it is more than data oriented integration. Next, the third approach is business process-oriented integration (BPI). As workflow systems, it connects and automates business process. What’s more, it provides enterprises with process visibility. Integration of business processes across applications and it controls over distributed workflows via an event driven platform. Compared with data oriented integration and API, BPI through business process level integration and management, not database and application. Furthermore, BPI includes process control technology, which includes process control engine, triggers and software agents for task automation. One purpose of BPI is loose coupled architecture – back office application, which is communicated with front end applications indirectly. Therefore, the loose coupled connection with greater adaptability and scalability for business system. However, the integration type of loose coupling also has some problem on security and inefficiency in communication. Finally, the last approach is portal oriented integration approach. As integrated business portal, it has a consistent web interface for all business information and application in a personalized way and a platform for application integration, component development and workflow coordination. In addition, portal oriented integration approach has four benefits. One is rapidly deploy a complete portal. It also allows for further extension. Next, both applications and data could be created for integration. It could be automated execution of business processes throughout distributed organisations. 3: Analysis of the Issues in the Case to Identify Suitable Approaches for Extended Enterprise Integration According to the business case, the main three issues are long lead-time, high possibility to make a mistake and lower efficient production and effective coordination. The issue of lead-time should be considered for the area of order processing, production scheduling, stock controlling and purchasing. The company receives orders from five contracted car manufacturers over 2000 different products. On the other side, in order to make sure the safeguard of supply chain, the company also needs to purchase vents, frame, glove box, meter/gauges, steering and heater and air conditioning control from domestic suppliers and overseas suppliers. Next, due to the company receives order once a week and the system only update once a week, the speed of update information is very low effective. It is easy to make a mistake on purchase and stock level and slow response to changes. Furthermore, it increases the stocks and order lead-time. Therefore, it leads to the second and third issues in this situ ation. A suitable approach for extended the extended enterprise in this business, it should be able to ameliorate t or solve the issues and more close to the objectives.   This business case mentioned that the company is a medium sized manufacturer, which supplies over 2000 different products for five contracted car manufacturers. It receives orders from each customer once a week through EDI (electronic data interchange) and input automatically into a sales management system. The operation process is a long pull process. A suitable business system of this company should be more quick response and effective coordination to reduce the lead time for order processing, production scheduling, stock controlling and purchasing. According to the part 3 of this report-brief review on relevant concepts and approaches, data oriented integration approaches focus on translating data and business documents from formats used by one company into the formats used by another (Lynne, M. et al, 2002). Integra tion of business processes of data integration approaches across database. However, BPI connects and automates business processes, the interfaces of BPI for data integration, process integration and process communication in process model. Although data integration approaches is an approach of transaction formats and standardize the names of product data, process integration approaches standardize the sequences of transactions and activities that make up a business process. By allowing for the monitoring and management of related transactions, they adapt better to breakdowns and permit higher levels of automation (Lynne, M. et al, 2002). Furthermore, Net R. (2001) observed that process integration requires standardization or modification of source systems or the creation of a supportive IT infrastructure, process integration is costlier to set up than data integration. However, except the factor of cost, process integration provides opportunities for companies to reengineer business processes to achieve additional business benefits more than data integration approach. Besides, portal oriented integration approach is very good approach. The interface of portal integration approach is available across all business information and applications in a personalized way. However, due to the size of company is only a medium manufacturer and the cost of portal integration approach is expensive than others, it is not suitable for the situation currently. Therefore are more risks, challenges and issues if the company adopt portal integration approach. Therefore, business process-oriented integration is the suitable approaches for extended enterprise at present. 3.1: Illustration of Key Information Flows in the Extended Enterprise Which Includes the Supply Chain Partners    Figure 2: Information Flows in the Extended Enterprise In figure 2, the company receives orders from customer by ERP and then finance department send the order information to BIP system when the sales order is confirmed by account manager. Stock management sends the requirement of parts and components information and t9he information of the quantities of finished products to the business system. The spreadsheet created by BPI for the production schedule and also through BPI to update new information. 3.2: Critical Analysis of the Suitability of SAP as an ERP Tool There is a professional web site of SAP (2009) expressed that SAP means systems applications and products, it is a completely integrated, enterprise wide information system that replaces legacy systems with a series of software modules that communicate with each other seamlessly, replacing current business processes with best practices. SAP software also has some demerit. In SAP system, although it could changes the business process dramatically, it is a little customizable. However, SAP is also a very outstanding tool for ERP and E- business. In addition, there are a lot of advantages of SAP, such as online integrated graphics; functionality and integration; flexible structure; real-time information; lean implementation; individual solutions, etc (SAP Expertise, 2011). SAP makes the information of company more meaningful. The company can instantly see any change by type of graphics, if the data had any change. Furthermore, the controlled customizing procedures of system allows to cr eate solution for satisfy individual requirements. In SAP of ERP, all business processes of the company are linked by data and functions and it is a software solution to cover all commercial processes and transactions commonly occurring of the company. The real-time information of SAP is a good visibility of distributed data sources and it can automatic data transfer. Therefore, the company could be more quick response to changes and more effective to avoid the mistake by SAP. Then it should be able to reduce the stock level and more effective coordination of customer and supplier. 4: Design of Solutions to the Identified Issues with Selected Enterprise Integration Approaches Due to the selected suitable enterprise integration approach is BPI, this part explains the system functionalities and design the solutions for the issues. According to the background of the company, the integration design should be considered by application complexity, cost and time; business scale and nature; business relationships; business process dynamics and function distributions; demands on real-time information; technical standards and compatibility, etc. Firstly, the company should add a materical resource planning (MRP) in BPI. Because safeground the supply chain for the company, the company purchases all parts from other domestic and overseas suppliers when the stock was insufficient. It is too long pull process to increase the delay of information. Consequently, MRP is a good tool to slove this problem and also sfaeground the supply chain of the company. What’s more, it could be ameliorate the long lead time in purchasing. Next, the company should choose loose coupling and hub connection spoke intergraiton technology. Types of integration and E-business includes loose coupling and tight coupling. The application of tight coupling are connected with agreed technical details. In contrast, Loose coupling does not need to know details of the ways to deal with interfaces of other applications and processes. Besides, it is an application send or receive to or from other applications. Loose coupling can support non-intrusive (loose) integration, sychronised business transactions; reusing and sharing business data and processes (Papazoglou M. P., 2006). loose coupling is flexibility, scalability and advanced security. It is also nearly real-time agile response to business events. Loose coupling could be avoid the delay of information issue and   improve the lead time in order processing and stock controlling. Therefore, it is more suitable for the manufactory company in the business case. Fingure 3: Features of Common Integration Technologies In fingure 3,   it shows the features of point-point integration, hub connection spoke for SMEs, web form (extranet interfaces) and XMLmail / messages. It is obvious to analyse that both point-point integration and hub connection spoke are better in the four common integration technologies. The integration knowledge requirement of hub connection sopke is lower than point-point integration. Compared to point-point integraion, hub connection spoke have lower set up and maintenance costs. However, the limitations of point-to-point topology consist of costly for maintain; limited reusability; invasive integration approach requiring modifications of source applications, not scalable, etc. On the other side, Lynne, M., et al (2002) mentioned that hub connection spoke approaches to external integration represent an important alternative to one-to-one integration approaches. It also approaches come in two flavours – data integration only and process (plus data) integration. Hub connection spoke intergraiton technology could be reduce the rate of high mistake and lead time in production scheduling. In summary, both loose coupling and hub connection spoke intergraiton technology are effective solutions for these issues. In order to become an effective business intelligence, the requirements of business   integration are real-time or responsive data access; good quality data from all relevant sources and data of relevant business functions. There are some measures such as transform data into valuable information, identify risks and opportunities, monitor and assess business performance and support decision making for enhancement and optimisation. According to the background, the company receives orders from each customer once a week. It is very low efficient production. So the times of received orders should be increase. All in all, these solutions should solve the long lead time for order processing, production scheduling, stock controlling and purchasing and improve the speed of information processing to avoid the situation of low effective of update the system. All of them are more effective coordination of components supply and assembly planning in e-business. 5: Discussion and Conclusion In this part of project, it discusses the implementation issues, achievements, limitation of solutions and conclusion. Based on the background, the company is a medium sized manufacturer and suppliers over 2000 different products for five contracted car manufacturers.   The purchase model of the company is that places purchase order for the required components to complete the sales order, if there is out of stock or insufficient stock. In addition, the business processes of the company are receiving orders; purchasing components (out of stock / insufficient); checking customer orders by production manager; created a schedule for the assembly line to produce for the order ; updating the assembly line; packing and shipping finishes products. There are three main issues which mentioned before, including long consuming lead time for order processing, production scheduling, stock controlling and purchasing; low effective of update the current system and high possibility to make a mistak e; the company system is not efficient. Through analysis of the issues, BPI is the suitable approaches for extended enterprise integration. If the manufacturing company attempts to implement the suitable approaches and solutions, it should need a high costs in equipment investment and it is hard to change the old enterprise system and hard to operate the solutions in actuality. Furthermore, there are two limitations for hub spoke topology when it runs on single serves. One is single points of failure exist in that a failure of one hub propagates throughout the system. The other is limited scalability across the enterprise. Loose coupling also has two disadvantages of security concerns and inefficiency in communication. In summary, the company should be aim to a lean manufacturing with a short lead time and effective communication persistently.   References Bemroider, E. Koch, S., 2000, Differences in Characteristics of the ERP Selection Process Between Small or Medium and Large Organisations, Proceedings AMCIS, PP 1022-1028 Bingi, P., Sharma, M.K., Godla, J.K., 1999, Critical Issues Affecting an ERP Implementation, Information Systems Management, Vol.16 NO.3, Boston MA, PP 7-14 Brown, C., Vessey, I., Powell, A., 2000, the ERP Purchase Decision Influential Business IT Factors, Proceedings AMCIS, PP 1029-1032 Christiaanse, E., Sinnecker, R., Mossinkoff, M., 2001, the Impacts of B2B Exchanges on Brick and Mortar Intermediaries: The Elemica Case, 9th European Conference on Information Systems, Bled, Slovenia Gunn, J., 2004, BT Technology Journal Extended Enterprise Integration, Springer Netherlands, P93 Huang, Z. Palvia, P., 2000, the Impact of ERP on Organizational Performance: Evidence from Case Studies, Proceedings Decision Science Institute Annual Meeting Huang, Z Palvia, P., 2001, ERP Implementation Issues in Advanced Developing Countries, Business Process Management Journal, Vol.7, No. 3, PP 276-284 Koh, C., Soh, C., Markus, M.L., 2000, A Process Theory Approach to Analyzing ERP Implementation Impacts: the Case of Revel Asia, Journal of Information Technology Cases and Applications, Vol. 2, No. 1, PP 4-23 Kuhn, H., Bayer, F., Junginger, S.; Karagiannis, D., 2003, Enterprise Model Integration, Prague, Czech Republic, LNCS 2738, PP 379-392 Laudon, K.C., 2000, J. P Laudon Management Information Systems, Prentice Hall International, 6th Edition, PP22-23 Lee, Z. Lee, J., 2000, an ERP Implementation Case Study from a Knowledge Transfer Perspective, J. Information Technology PP 281–288 Lynne, M., Axline, S., Edberg, D., Petrie, D., 2002, the Future of Enterprise Integration: Strategic and Technical Issues in External Systems Integration, Oxford University Press Papazoglou M. P., 2006, International   Journal of Web Engineering Technology, Inderscience Publishers, Vol. 2, No. 4, PP 320-352 Parr, A.N. Shanks, G. A., 2000, Taxonomy of ERP implementation approaches. In Proceedings of the 33d Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences Reuther, D. Chattopadhyay, G., 2004, Critical Factors for Enterprise Resources Planning System Selection Implementation Projects within Small to Medium Enterprises, Micreo Ltd Press, Australia, P851 Resources of E-business Enterprise, 2011, Enterprise-Integration in Enterprise Information Systems, VITAL, University of Liverpool Sherlock, J. Reuvid, J., 2005, Handbook of International Trade: A Guide to the Principles and Practice of Export, PP 353-365 SAP Expertise, 2011, Advantages of SAP R/3, Viewed 7 May 2011, http://sapexpertise.blogspot.com/2009/04/advantages-of-sap-r3-part-2.html SAP Expertise, 2009, What Can SAP Do? Viewed 6 May 2011, http://sapexpertise.blogspot.com/2009/04/what-is-sap-r3.html SAP Techies, 2009, What are the Advantages of SAP? Viewed 4 May 2011, saptechies.com/advantages-for-sap/

Special Interests Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 6

Special Interests - Essay Example Despite the fact that interest groups and political parties are separate institutions in terms of the functions they perform, today they have formed joint associations. Interest groups therefore have a joint association with political parties and also try to influence the president and Congress as these two branches work together to make policy. This paper defines an interest group and gives examples, discusses the relationship between interest groups and political parties, and explains how interest groups try to influence the president and Congress as the two branches work together to make policy. Keywords: Interest Group, Political Party, Policy, Interests, Lobbyists, Lobbying, President, Congress, Associations, Relationship, Campaign Finance, Grassroots Activities 1. Define an interest group, with examples People have different pursuits that they attach value to and defend. Such pursuits despite being focused towards different goals are all known as interests. Interests can theref ore be ethnic, religious, economic, or based on a range of other issues. ... 9). Interest groups have different structures and sizes, with some having many members, while others have no members at all. In the same way, some are organized in formal ways with bylaws, leaders, members, and holding of meetings regularly, while others are not organized in a formal way, hence loosely knit and have a few rules, with no leaders. Interest groups are therefore of different types, with the major types representing the areas of the economy. These include economic interest groups, environmental groups, public interest groups, and other interest groups. Economic interest groups. They form the largest category of interest groups. Bardes, Shelley, and Schmidt (2008) point out that â€Å"the major sectors that seek influence in Washington, D.C., include business, agriculture, labor unions and their members, government workers, and professionals† (p. 225). Trade associations and business interest groups are formed by those in business, and their main role is to influenc e the policies made by the government that have an impact on their businesses. Examples of business interest groups in the United States include the National Association of manufacturers and the U.S. Chamber of commerce that represent businesses and manufacturing matters respectively. Agricultural interest groups are formed by agricultural farmers and their employees. Despite the fact that they represent a very small number of the US population, farmers and their employees in the United States have been able to influence legislations touching on their interests. Examples include the American Farm Bureau Federation, the National Farmers Union, The peanut Growers Group, The American Dairy Association, and the National Soybean Association (Bardes, Shelley, &

Research Article Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Research Article Analysis - Essay Example The narrators would give a precise description of a child/ children with SLCN and give their concerns on the same. The researchers aimed at resolving a question about the knowledge and understanding of the professionals in their early years of developing children’s language and speech. The correspondents were chosen according to their confidence levels, quality of training, the need for further training and their employment of strategies to assess for SLCN (Mroz & Hall, 2003, 126). These led to a selection criteria in which the interview sample were chosen. It includes the type of setting, the level of confidence, and the role /job title of the correspondent and the regional authority of the respondent. Questions were then shared with the interviewee prior to the interviews that were audio-taped. The question was structured in a manner that it had a focus on a single child and least interference from the interviewer. The study used a research methodology for developing a theory that is grounded in data collection and analysis (Strauss & Corbin, 1990, 10). Analysis of data obtained from the fifty interviews was done using the Non-numerical Unstructured Data Indexing, Research and Theorizing (NUD*IST) software (Richards and Richards, 1993, 2). This software allows the user to store and classify data and then search for patterns quickly and in an efficient manner. Coding of transcripts was done to ensure coherence and consistency of patterns in responses obtained from the interviewees. The results obtained indicated that practitioners with medium confidence levels were less likely to volunteer for the interview compared to those with high confidence levels. According to Mroz and Letts (2008, 86), such occurrences is owed to the fact the people with little faith feel in need of help and information compared to those with high confidence who believe

My Mission Statement & Goal Plan Essay Example for Free

My Mission Statement Goal Plan Essay I may not convince the world that I can be the next Nobel Peace Prize winner. I may not persuade people to make me the next Time Magazine’s Person of the Year. Nor do I have any illusions of garnering millions of votes to become the next president of this country. But if I am to be given an opportunity to describe myself, all that I can honestly say is that, I am who I am. Thus, in an attempt to try and take a glimpse in defining the person I always see in front of the mirror, I have come to a resolution that the best thing to do is to find and understand my purpose in life. By doing so, I ponder to ask the question, why do I exist? In other words, my mission in life is quite an irony or for some, it may seem stupid or foolish. Simply put it, my mission in life is to find my mission life. Although many people may think that this statement is hilarious, I will respectfully beg to differ. There are millions of people living aimlessly spending every second of their time in confusion and uncertainty. And for me, this is a frightening reality and to a certain extent, it is a sad one as well. And I admit that I am afraid to be one of them. It is the fear of not knowing where I am, where am I going and what I want to do which has led me to set my life in constantly pursuing the truth behind my existence or purpose in this world. I believe that by doing so, can help me see even just an inch of the incomprehensible reality each person carries with him or her. In light of this, I have aimed to unravel my mission in life through a process of first understanding my short-term goals of knowing who I am and where I stand through the institution that I want to affect and influence my life. Then, I plan to venture into my long-term goals that reflect my dreams and ambitions not just a professional and a son but more importantly, as a person. Thus, in order to know and find one’s purpose in life, a person must first know and find who he is, where he is and where he wants to be. It has been said by Benjamin E. Mays that the tragedy of life does not lie in not reaching a person’s goal, the tragedy lies in having no goals to reach. To me, he makes perfect sense. Somehow, a person who has no goals, dreams or ambitions has nothing to hope for or to look forward to. I thus find it highly imperative to transfer to the University of Southern California as my primary short-goal. I know firsthand that life in this world is often measured by the amount of success, wealth and fame a person possesses. I am familiar with the University of Southern California. I believe that if I am to be given the opportunity to study in such a distinguished institution, such an achievement tells me that I will never find myself wanting to be more successful, wealthier and famous than I already am. Transferring to the University of Southern California reflects a bigger picture of my goal of constant growth and development. In this moment in my life, I know that the best thing to do is to further my knowledge and skills. Entering this institution is the wisest way of preparing myself for what the world will be showing and throwing at me. And I have to confess that I am afraid to take this step. Amidst all that have been happening in my life, I sometimes think that I have made a shadowy acquaintance, and its name is fear. But I have learned not to stand down anymore in the face of adversity. There is always the fear of not being good enough or failing. But I believe that my greatest fear is merely fear itself. And for me to overcome this, I have to keep walking and moving despite being afraid. People will constantly judge and criticize me. I know this and I have learned to live with it. I honestly get affected because I am a sincere person. I dedicate and commit myself to something I really believe in wholeheartedly. My friends and family will attest to this fact. I can guarantee that I am a person of principle with an unwavering confidence and an incomparable determination. I am absolutely confident that I can bring the person that I am to the University of Southern California. By transferring to this university, I have realized that I also have to achieve the goal of convincing other people that I want it and that I deserve it. If this is a business proposal then let me assure everyone that I am good investment. I believe in who I am and what I can do. All that I am asking for is for you to believe in me. In essence, my short-term goals are all about realigning my path not just on a good one, but more importantly, on the right one. My short-term goals can briefly show who I am based on what I have already been through. My short-term goals are the remaining few years before I venture into the real world. Furthermore, my short-term goals portray my desire to take a step and revolutionize who I am right now in becoming someone I hope to be. During the vast reign of the Roman Empire, a great man by the name of Marcus Aurelius Antoninus once said, â€Å"A man’s worth is no greater than the worth of his ambitions. † I somehow feel that ambitions can thoroughly define a person but at the same time, it can also break the person. Somewhere in life’s journey, a person will have to face the â€Å"non-negotiable† realities in their lives. These are the things that tend to be so difficult and even impossible to change. I have thus made my long-term goals into something practical and achievable for me. I have envisioned myself in about less than ten years as someone who runs his own business while also helping my father run his. I find my long-term goals to be realistic and honest. I do not have grand dreams of eradicating poverty or creating some out-of-this-world idea that will save us from global warming. I want to keep my feet firmly on the ground. But this does not mean that my long-term goals are plain, simple and self-serving. As matter of fact, I expect them to be challenging, tricky and risky. Running and having my own business is no walk in the park. In this modern age, the competition is so tight and the stakes are roughly high that being good falls short by a mile. This does not even include the fact that I will also be greatly involved in my father’s business. But I want to take this risk. How can people discover new lands if they cannot lose sight of the shore? If I am to venture into this, I need to be cutting-edge and have an innovative mind. This is why the link between my short-term goals and my long-term goals is very significant. I want to take it step by step without any shortcuts. Each stage in my life is a learning process where I grow and develop myself for my future. Most people describe who they are but what they have. Still, others know who they are by how they are described by other people. I for one believe that what I have and how others perceive me are just parts of who I am as a whole. I believe that the person who best knows who I am is myself. People may see me in terms of things I have or from their own point-of-views. But I can never be half the person that they say I am if I do not know and accept what I think and see that I am. This is why my short-term and long-term goals are all starting points to initiate my true purpose in life. Through these goals, I may somehow find a semblance or clue of what I truly want out of my life. Through these goals, I can find who I am. As Lao Tzu has said, â€Å"Knowing others is wisdom, knowing the self is enlightenment. † Simply put it, through acting upon my goals, I intend to find something that will grab my attention and interest that will make me dedicate my life to it. Some will spend their entire lives looking and searching, while others may spend their lives staring at a distance unable to move and make a difference. In the greater scheme of things, I like to believe that it is not about reaching or achieving that which I have set for myself but rather, it is all about how I get there that really counts. How wonderful it is if I can do the things people say I cannot. This is largely founded on the inescapable reality that obstacles will appear every now and then. As for me, the greatest obstacle and weakness I will ever face are being idealistic and fear, respectively. As mentioned earlier, there is always the constant fear of not being good enough or failing. In addition, although being idealistic is not really a bad thing, it also comes with a heavy baggage. By being idealistic, I tend to ignore the reality presented. There is a fine line separating what is in theory and what is in practice. Somehow and some time, this reality will slap me in the face. There is the need to be practical which I fall short of a lot of times. I do believe that there are three types of people in this world: those who ask what happened, those who watch things happen and those who make things happen. I have stopped asking what happened being blind and deaf to the realities of life. I have stopped watching things happen from the sidelines being apathetic to the things happening right before my very eyes. I have thus decided to change and to make things happen. I try to stop making excuses. I do not need an excuse to live but rather, I need a reason to live. And dedicating my life in search for my purpose is something I believe is worthwhile. It is about time to go beyond myself and offer who I am not what I have. If there is one thing I have learned and will never forget from this class is that achieving my goals or aspirations in life is neither an overnight phenomenon nor a magical trick that can easily be pulled instantly out of the hat. Dedicating myself to something I hold dear is always a process. It is an on-going process of continuous learning, understanding and growth as a student, as a son and as a person. These goals may not happen today, tomorrow, next week or next year. The important thing is that it does not start next year, next month, next week or tomorrow but rather, it starts today.

Eating Disorders Essay -- Anorexia Bulimia

Eating Disorders Eating disorders are sweeping this country and are rampant on junior high, high school, and college campuses. These disorders are often referred to as the Deadly Diet, but are often known by their more popular names: anorexia or bulimia. They affect more than 20% of females between the age of thirteen and forty. It is very rare for a young female not to know of someone with an eating disorder. Statistics show that at least one in five young women have a serious problem with eating and weight (Bruch, 25). The Deadly Diet appears to be a mostly female problem. Eating disorders are most common in the middle to upper middle class families. Currently, the incidence is much lower in females from the â€Å"blue collar† families. The Deadly Diet can begin anywhere from the ages of ten to thirty. The peak age for the beginning of the Deadly Diet in females is eleven to fifteen; the peak for males is between fifteen and eighteen (Bauer, 89). Most of the information on the Deadly Diet says that it is a problem of teenage girls, but as clinics have found, most of the people who come to get therapy are in their twenties and thirties. This may be because younger people are less likely to seek professional help. Most often it is the parent who brings the patient for help. Adults who have left home and had to deal with managing their lives usually tend to realize more clearly the need to seek help and make changes. Everywhere one looks today, one will notice that our culture places a very high value on women being thin. Many will argue that today’s fashion models have â€Å"filled out† compared to the times past; however the evidence of this is really hard to see. Our society admires men for what they accomplish and what they achieve. Women are usually evaluated by and accepted for how they look, regardless of what they do. A woman can be incredibly successful and still find that her beauty or lack of it will have more to do with her acceptance than what she is able to accomplish. â€Å"From the time they are tiny children, most females are taught that beauty is the supreme objective in life† (Claude-Pierre, p18). The peer pressure for girls in school to be skinny is often far greater than for boys to make a team. When it is spring, young girls begin thinking â€Å"How am I going to look in my bathing suit? I better take off a few more pounds.† Another reason t... ...than men, our society is evolving. Men can act more sensitively. â€Å"We are finally a more humanistic culture rather than a culture of warriors.† (Claude-Pierre, p.70) Eating disorders among men are on the rise-at least one million men number among the eight million people who suffer from them in the United States. The Deadly Diet affects many people, but it can be cured. Works Cited Ardell, Maureen and Corry-Ann Ardell. Portrait of an Anorexic; A Mother Daughter’s Story. Vancouver, B.C., Canada: Flight Press, 1985. Bauer, Barbara G. Ph.D., Wayne Anderson, Ph.D., and Robert W. Hyatt, M.D. Bulimia, Book for Therapist and Client. Indianapolis: Accelerated Development Inc., 1986. Bruch, Hilde M.D. The Golden Cage: The Enigma of Anorexia Nervosa. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1978. Claude-Pierre. The Secret Language of Eating Disorders. New York: Random House, 1997. Hall, Lindsey and Leigh Cohn. Bulimia: A Guide to Recovery. San Francisco: Guize Books, 1986. Simpson, Carolyn. Coping with Compulsive Eating. New York: Rosen Publishing Group, 1997. Trum, Beatrice. â€Å"Bulimia.† Homer’s Consumer’s Research Magazine. September 1997: p.10.

Global Internet Censorship

What aspects of the internet make global censorship difficult? Why might a government be inclined to impose internet censorship on its citizens? Is global internet censorship moral? Internet Censorship has been a topic of much debate and growing concern in the past decade. According to the OpenNet Initiative, the number of countries seeking to control access of content on the internet has been rising rapidly (Documenting Internet Content Filtering Worldwide n. d). Reporters Without Borders published a list of thirteen countries as ‘internet enemies’ in 2006. The list consisted of Belarus, Burma, China, Cuba, Egypt, Iran, North Korea, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Tunisia, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Vietnam (List of the 13 Internet Enemies in 2006 Published 2006). The Chinese government has restricted internet access so heavily that it is called the ‘Great Firewall of China’ (Healy, 2007: 158). Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) also have heavy restrictions on gambling, pornography, homosexuality and anti-Islamic sites. According to the OpenNet Initiative, the four main reasons why a government imposes censorship are securing Intellectual Property (IP) rights, protecting national security, preserving cultural norms and religious value and shielding children from pornography and exploitation (Documenting Internet Content Filtering Worldwide n. d). Global censorship may not be as easy as it sounds. Many aspects of the internet make global censorship difficult. The absence of a centralized hub is one of the main reasons why global internet censorship may not be feasible. As of now only individual countries have imposed censorships through their Internet Service Providers (ISPs). The internet is extremely vast and there is no way people can be employed to check on every single content that is put up on the web. Automated checking tools are not as effective and can only filter content to some extent. The internet is a many-to-many media and people all around the world can post web pages. It is thus quite difficult for one agency or government to curb all activities on the internet that may be deemed offensive to them. Along with all its benefits the internet also brings with itself a lot of harms. Hacking, identity theft, pedophilia etc are just some of them. In September 2006, Time. com reported that Brazilian prosecutors claimed that a number of pedophiles, anti-Semites and racists lurk around the country’s most popular social networking site, Google’s orkut (Downie, A. 2006). There has been a recent uproar in Dubai, regarding orkut where some members of the public questioned why the site was not banned and that certain communities were posting immoral material. Dubai-based lawyer Abdul Hamid Al Kumity, of Al Kumity Advocates, said according to Article 15 of the UAE's cyber crime laws, people risked a jail term of between six months and three years, and a fine of up to Dh30,000, for making, constructing, exhibiting, showing, circulating, inducing or impelling people to watch a website with obscene, immoral, pornographic or erotic material. Article 15(4) puts those who publicise suc h websites for others to watch or attract people to such websites at risk of a fine or a jail term. According to Article 13, anybody who allows youngsters to access such websites or helps them in viewing them will be punished with a fine or a jail term of up to five years’ (Bardsley 2007). Thus after a huge public uproar, orkut has been blocked by the country’s most popular ISP – Etisalat. The main reasons why a government might be inclined to impose internet censorship on its citizens are to protect the regional moral values, to protect children and to protect the country. Preserving moral values of the country would include the censorship of any site deemed offensive in the context of religion, culture and relationships. Homosexuality is considered an offence in the UAE and all sites related to the topic are blocked in the region. Most dating service sites are also blocked. Anti-Islamic and Pro-Christian sites such as those preaching conversion to Christianity are also blocked by the ISPs. The second reason of protecting children would include keeping adult content from children and keeping the children safe from paedophiles. National security is the other main reason why a country would be forced to impose internet censorship. The political sentiments of a country are likely to be kept a secret by the government. On the other hand we do have countries like China whose suppression of important information has led to not only national but international problems. ‘The SARS crisis in 2004, and the contamination of the Songhua River in 2006, which affected millions of lives in China and Russia, serve as particularly deadly examples’ (New HRIC Report Details State Secrets System 2007). Terrorism is another reason. The governments of most countries are keeping a strict watch out for any material posted on the internet linking to terrorism. ‘The National Institute of Justice defines computer crime as any illegal act for which knowledge of computer technology is used to commit the offence’ (Stamatellos 2007:11). On the fifth of July 2007, three â€Å"cyber-jihadis† who used the internet to urge Muslims to wage holy war on non-believers were jailed for between six-and-a-half and ten years in the first case of its kind on Britain (Gulf News, 2007:20). The governments also censor content to protect the political sentiments of the country. In Belarus, for example, ‘in March 2006, several websites critical of President Alexandre Lukashenko mysteriously disappeared from the Internet for several days’ (List of the 13 Internet Enemies in 2006 Published 2006). Similar acts by the governments are seen in most other countries listed by the Reporters Without Borders. Governments also impose censorship so that none of its secrets are disclosed. The governments do so to control and maintain their power. People around the world, adults and teenagers alike have created virtual characters or avatars for online gaming purposes. Sites like ‘Xfire’ and games like ‘World of WarCraft’ have people from around the world addicted. These games have led to crimes in the real and virtual worlds. There was an incident of a murder in Shanghai over a virtual sword used in the online game ‘Legend of Mir 3’. When the dispute had started between the two individuals, the authorities were informed but they could not acknowledge virtual properties. In South Korea these kinds of violence and murders are so common that the police call it ‘offline PK’ which stands for offline player killing. The game ‘Lineage: The Blood Pledge’ is so popular in South Korea that the number of acts of violence aggravated by this game came to a point where the authorities had to create a special cyber-crime unit to patrol both online and offline. These interventions of the government are totally justifiable since the safety of the public is at stake. ‘Kantian ethics is the moral theory of Immanuel Kant or any theory that ncorporates some of Kant’s central claims or claims similar to Kant’s. Kant’s most basic claim is that nothing can be conceived to be good unconditionally and without qualification except a good will’ (Werhane et al. , 1998: 356). From the Kantian perspective, internet censorship is legal in the sense that the government is only protecting its citizens from possible harms an d other data that maybe be deemed sensitive or offensive as far as the religion or the governing body of that country is concerned. In the above mentioned example of setting up online communities on orkut in Dubai, most people in Dubai do not know the laws against it and they think that they are anonymous on the Internet whereas that is not the case. The government can get the IP addresses from Google server and track down the person easily. Since the main intention of the government is to protect the people, from the Kantianism point of view, internet censorship is moral. Contractarianism has been identified to have its origins from Plato’s ‘Republic’ (Sayre-McCord, 2000: 247). Social Contract Theory which is a part of contractarianism is based on rights. People have a right to information which is blocked by the government. Along with offensive sites, the governments also block sites which may be educational or useful otherwise. The government of UAE, for example, has blocked Yahoo’s web album site Flickr due to some indecent content, but most people use the site to share photographs with friends and family around the world. In addition to right to privacy internet censorship denies people their freedom of expression. According to a report by Reporters Without Borders, 52 people in China were in prison for expressing themselves too freely online at the time of publishing the report (List of the 13 Internet Enemies in 2006 Published 2006). Thus self-censorship would also be in full-force, in addition to all the other governmental censorship. From the citizen’s perspective, evaluating with the social contract theory, global internet censorship is immoral. Frey defines Act-Utilitarianism as a view that ‘an act is right if its consequences are at least as good as those of any alternative’ (2000: 165). The main advantages of global internet censorship may be protecting children from inappropriate content, protecting moral values of the general public, protecting individual countries and their political sentiments and securing IP rights. The main harms may include the fact that important information that the public deserves to know may be with held. Secondly blocking sites such as Flickr due to some explicit content may not be justified keeping in consideration the public at large because most people use it to share photos with their kith and kin around the world. Thirdly sometimes biological information may be with held because it is deemed explicit. Sometimes sites related to topics that are acceptable in some countries may be blocked because they are considered offensive in other countries. Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) sites such as skype was banned by the UAE’s ISP Etisalat so that the people are forced to use their telephone for long distance calls and they would not lose out on their profits. This is also a harm in the sense that the government is denying the public of new technology for monetary benefit. Since the harms of internet censorship outweigh their benefits, internet censorship is immoral. ‘Rule-consequentialism holds that any code of rules is to be evaluated in terms of how much good could reasonably be expected to result from the code’ and good stands for whatever has non-instrumental value (Hooker, 2000:183). According to him Utilitarians are the most prominent type of consequentialists and they believe that utility is the only thing with non-instrumental value. ‘The term â€Å"rule-utilitarianism† is usually used to refer to theories that evaluate acts in terms of rules selected for their utility – i. . for their effects on social well-being’ (Hooker, 2000: 185). From the rule-utilitarian point of view, the main benefits remain the same, securing IPs, protecting political sentiments, protecting children and protecting religious and moral values. The harms, on the other hand, are violation of the public’s right to information , their right to freedom of expression, their right to decide for themselves as to what is right and what is wrong and their right to new technology. Moreover in a few years time, it is possible that people will be relying completely on the internet for news and entertainment. So the laws pertaining to newspapers should be applicable to the internet as well. Thus since the harms outweigh the benefits, global internet censorship is immoral from the Rule-Utilitarian perspective. We have seen that all countries do not filter the same content. When China filters out all pro-democracy sites, the concept is unthinkable of by most other countries. When homosexuality and same-sex marriages are acceptable in countries like UK and some states of the US, it is looked down upon by most other parts of the world. Thus filtering these content on the internet may not be accepted by all. What may be normal in some countries may be completely offensive in some other. Therefore global internet censorship is not a panacea. References Bardsley,D. , 2007. Orkut users should report offensive material. Gulf News, 4 July. p. 2. Downie, A. , 2006. Google and the Pedophiles. Time [online] 6th September, Available: http://www. time. com/time/nation/article/0,8599,1531986,00. html, [cited 4th July 2007] Frey, R. G. , 2000 ‘Act-Utilitarianism’ in The Blackwell Guide to Ethical Theory [e-book] ed. Lafollette, H. Blackwell Publishers, Malden Massachusetts USA, pp. 165-182 Available: http://www. etlibrary. com [cited 29th June 2007] Healy, S. , 2007. ‘The great firewall of China. (Looking at the Law)’ Social Education [online] 71(3), p 158 Available from Expanded Academic ASAP via Thomson Gale http://www. galegroup. com [cited 28th June 2007] Hooker, B. , 2000 ‘Rule Consequentialism’ in The Blackwell Guide to Ethical Theory [e-book] ed. Lafolle tte, H. Blackwell Publishers, Malden Massachusetts USA, pp. 183-204 Available: http://www. netlibrary. com [cited 29th June 2007] N. A, 1998 The Blackwell Encyclopaedic Dictionary of Business Ethics [e-book] ed. Werhane, P H. & Freeman R. E. Blackwell Publishers, Malden Massachusetts USA p. 356 Available: http://www. netlibrary. com [cited 29th June 2007] N. A, 2006, ‘List of the 13 Internet Enemies in 2006 Published’, Reporters without Borders [online], 7th November, Available: http://www. rsf. org/article. php3? id_article=19603 [cited 6th July 2007] N. A. , 2007, ‘New HRIC Report Details State Secrets System’ Human Rights in China [online] 12 June Available:http://hrichina. org/public/contents/press? revision%5fid=41505%5fid=41500 [cited 4th July 2007] N. A. , 2007, ‘Three jailed for using Web to wage war’ Gulf News 6 July. . 20. N. A. , n d ‘Documenting Internet Content Filtering Worldwide’ OpenNet Initiative [online] Available:http://www. opennetinitiative. org/modules. php? op=modload=Sections=index=viewarticle=1 [cited 20th June 2007] Sayre-McCord, G. , 2000 ‘Contractarianism’ in The Blackwell Guide to Ethical Theory [e-book] ed. Lafollette, H. Black well Publishers, Malden Massachusetts USA, pp. 247-267 Available: http://www. netlibrary. com [cited 29th June 2007] Stamatellos, G. , 2007, Computer Ethics, Jones and Bartlett Publishers, Massachusetts, USA. p. 11.

Biological Behavior

Biological Criminal Behavior CJA/314 December 12, 2011 Biological Criminal Behavior Significant genetic and psychological evidence exists that supports the notion that biology played a role in explaining Mr. Hinckley’s crime of the attempted assignation of President Ronald Reagan by in 1981, including seriously injuring to three other people. According to Schmalleger (2012), â€Å"The shape of a person’s skull corresponds to the shape of the underlying brain and is therefore indicative of the personality, (p. 9). Because of the actions of John Hinckley Congress enacted changes to the law that affected the way defense attorneys used the insanity defense in order to protect their clients in court due to concerns that some defendants had no metal disorders, and others were classified as having personality disorders. Those who support the mens rea approach argue that if the courts had considered Hinckley’s mental culpability he would have likely been found guilty be cause they claim he was clear about his intentions. The notes Hinckley left for film star Jodie Foster showed how disturbed he was. John Hinckley reportedly admitted that he was fantasizing about the life of a character in a famous movie. This article went on to explain that Hinckley suffered from other physical ailments that caused significant weight gain and also required prescriptions such as Valium, antidepressants, and antihistamines. In addition, â€Å"At his trial the defense successfully won a battle to introduce a CAT-scan test showing the widened suici of the brain found, according to one defense psychiatrist, in one of three schizophrenics† (Carrithers, 1985, p. 24, para 7). During Hinckley’s trial the prosecution and defense both argued that he suffered from clinical issues such as paranoid personality disorder, depressive neurosis, process schizophrenia, or dysthymic disorder. The legislation passed by Congress relating to Hinckley’s insanity plea was aimed at protecting the rights of the mentally ill and of society. Now the defense has to prove that their client is psychotic, but are not mad creatures if they want to claim insanity. Incredibly, John Hinckley was recently in the news because the courts are currently contemplating about whether or not to release him into the custody of his mother who is elderly. Evidently the issue was serious enough for the federal government to get involved. For example, â€Å"Earlier this year U. S. Secret Service agents observed John Hinckley Jr. the man who shot President Ronald Reagan and three other men in a 1981 assassination attempt,   go to a bookstore to read about President Reagan and presidential assassinations (ABC, 2011, p. 1, para 1). References ABC. (2011). Blogs. Retrieved from, http://abcnews. go. com/blogs/politics/2011/11/prosecutors-argue-against-john-hinckley-jr-release/ Carrithers, D. W. (1985). The Insanity Defense and Presidential Peril. Society, 22(5), 23-27. Schmalleger, F. (2012). Criminology today: An interactive introduction. (6th ed. ). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.

Free Essays on Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu

Employer Research Report: Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu While searching the internet for prospective internships that would give me experience in all aspects of accounting- financial, managerial, tax, and audit- I came across a professional services organization with offices located all over the world. That company was Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu, a Swiss-based company that focuses on assisting other companies with decisions involving everything from finance problems within the company to risk management programs for all of the company’s employees. After extensively viewing their website (www.deloitte.com), I contacted a friend who recently graduated from the Masters of Accounting program here in Knoxville at UT and who was recruited to work for Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu directly out of college. I wanted to see if what I had discovered on their website had been sugar-coated at all or if everything that the company said it had to offer really was as good as it seemed. Her answer to my question was that Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu reall y did offer her everything that I had come across during my research and even more. One of the things that I found most impressive about Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu is their new Vision 2005 Statement that is a women’s initiative program and was implemented in 2001. I thought this was a very unique program that would offer a lot of opportunity for women who wanted to advance up to management positions within the company. The Vision 2005 Statement is composed of leadership goals, proportionate representation goals, and monitor, measure, and communicate goals. According to the leadership goals of the company, the new class of 2005 at Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu wants the number of women in senior leadership roles to be proportionate to the number of women partners, directors, and principals. This set of goals for Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu also includes making the percentage of women principals, directors, and ... Free Essays on Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Free Essays on Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Employer Research Report: Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu While searching the internet for prospective internships that would give me experience in all aspects of accounting- financial, managerial, tax, and audit- I came across a professional services organization with offices located all over the world. That company was Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu, a Swiss-based company that focuses on assisting other companies with decisions involving everything from finance problems within the company to risk management programs for all of the company’s employees. After extensively viewing their website (www.deloitte.com), I contacted a friend who recently graduated from the Masters of Accounting program here in Knoxville at UT and who was recruited to work for Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu directly out of college. I wanted to see if what I had discovered on their website had been sugar-coated at all or if everything that the company said it had to offer really was as good as it seemed. Her answer to my question was that Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu reall y did offer her everything that I had come across during my research and even more. One of the things that I found most impressive about Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu is their new Vision 2005 Statement that is a women’s initiative program and was implemented in 2001. I thought this was a very unique program that would offer a lot of opportunity for women who wanted to advance up to management positions within the company. The Vision 2005 Statement is composed of leadership goals, proportionate representation goals, and monitor, measure, and communicate goals. According to the leadership goals of the company, the new class of 2005 at Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu wants the number of women in senior leadership roles to be proportionate to the number of women partners, directors, and principals. This set of goals for Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu also includes making the percentage of women principals, directors, and ...

Chemical Decomposition Reaction

Chemical Decomposition Reaction A chemical decomposition reaction or analysis reaction is one of the most common types of chemical reactions. In a decomposition reaction a compound is broken into smaller chemical species.AB → A B In some cases, the reactant breaks into its component elements, but a decomposition may involve breakdown into any smaller molecules. The process may occur in a single step or multiple ones. Because chemical bonds are broken, a decomposition reaction requires the addition of energy to begin. Usually the energy is supplied as heat, but sometimes simply a mechanical bump, electric shock, radiation, or change in humidity or acidity initiates the process. The  reactions may be classified on this basis as thermal decomposition reactions, electrolytic decomposition reactions, and catalytic reactions. A decomposition is the opposite or reverse process of a synthesis reaction. Decomposition Reaction Examples The electrolysis of water into oxygen and hydrogen gas is an example of a decomposition reaction:2 H2O → 2 H2 O2 Another example is the decomposition of potassium chloride into potassium and chlorine gas. 2 KCl(s) → 2 K(s) Cl2(g) Uses of Decomposition Reactions Decomposition reactions are also called analysis reactions because they are extremely valuable in analytical techniques. Examples include mass spectrometry, gravimetric analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis.

The skin Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The skin - Research Paper Example Furthermore, it is going to discuss the functions of the skin. The skin is divided into two parts the epidermis and the dermis (Dean). The epidermis is the upper layer of the skin the one that is visible to the naked eye. The epidermis are also known as the cuticle. Underneath the epidermis is the dermis. It is that part that contains the nerve cells and the body hair. The skin derived its name from a Greek word meaning dermis of the skin and epi for outer (Dean). The skin has various functions. The skin guards the body from injuries(Jones, 63).. The skin also prevents germs from entering the body by trapping them on the soft body hair. The skin is literally the set alarm that warns our bodies to change according to the temperatures. Thus, the skin regulates temperature gain and loss. The skin also allows the body to release unwanted toxins from our bodies through mechanisms like sweating through the pores(Jones, 63). In conclusion, the skin is the largest body organ weighing about six pounds. It is made up of two parts, the dermis and the epidermis. The dermis is the outer covering while the epidermis is the inner part that contains the nervous system and cells. The skin has very many functions. It regulates body temperature, prevents injuries and germs from entering the body and it also releases toxins from the body (Patricia, 36). The skin is obviously a very significant body organ, yet it is the most neglected and uncared for body part (Patricia, 34). The skin tells the story of our lives. For example, another person can tell our health status, age, occupation, race and many more by observing the skin (Patricia,

Revolutionary China- chinese history Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Revolutionary China- chinese history - Essay Example The situation in China changed dramatically after the civil war victory of Mao Tse-tung in 1949, which led to the fleeing of the government of Republic of China (ROC) led by Chiang Kaishek and the Kuomintang (KMT) to Taiwan. This led to the United States to continue its recognition of the ROC government based in Taiwan as both regimes that is the government in Taiwan and the Peoples Republic of China based in mainland fought for legitimacy. This paper seeks to discuss the implications of the recognition of the CCP government in PRC and the GMD in Taiwan in the period 1952 by the United States and whether there is need to change that position. China since 1921 and its Relations with Taiwan After the end of the Qing dynasty, China had undergone several periods of trials and tribulations which it wanted to overcome in the shortest time possible. In 1928, the Kuomintang (KMT), which had ruled China, got into constant conflict with the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) that made governance al most impossible. The Kuomintang was later defeated and retreated to Taiwan after it had made several political, economical and military missteps. As at the year 1934, Chiang Kai-shek, the Nationalist leader in collaboration with Song Meiling had called for China to carry out a â€Å"New Life Movement which aimed at the promotion of a regular life guided by four principles and virtues namely ritual or decorum, rightness or duty, integrity or honesty and the sense of shame†.1 These were aimed at promoting morality, dealing with people in their human affairs and whoever violated the rules would fail in the society and they were meant for the prosperity of the nation. According to 2 the new life movement was initiated after Generalissimo realized that military conquest of the community alone would not be enough to remedy the psychological damage that the communist rule had caused. â€Å"†¦communism crushed the spirit people in addition to robbing them or material thingsâ₠¬ . The rules were also meant to instill discipline and social order amongst the members of the society at any moment of the life of the citizens as contained in the â€Å"Essentials of the New Life Movement speech in 1934 by Chiang Kai-shek. The principles were frequently criticized owing to the fact that there was hardly any food, let alone patience for people to exercise them. However, in defense of the movement Meiling argues that â€Å"†¦ if everyone from the highest official to the lowest wheel barrow man would conscientiously practice these principles in everyday life, there would be food for all†3 of the rules. Shih-wei, had argued along similar lines as he saw the communist movement as an embodiment of inequality where the ranking members in the â€Å"rankles† society got more food than they needed, but the lower cadres were given the basic minimum. Ironically, whenever they were asked if they had eaten â€Å"†¦ Party members are expected to lead the rest in a chorus of ‘Yes, we’re full!’†.4 In addition, Chen Xuezhao became sympathetic to the Communist Party after her return to China and found china was faced with deepening national crisis â€Å"†¦ Chen was formally accepted in the year 1945†.5 In her work â€Å"Wandering through the Liberated Zones†, Chen shows her allegiance to the CCP and was published on the eve of the Communist victory. Further, in her